Extraction and identification of Golder (Otostegia persica) root extract phytochemicals and evaluating their anticancer activity

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Particle & Interfacial Technology Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

3 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Otostegia persica (commonly known as Golder) is a medicinal plant traditionally used for remedial properties. The aerial parts of Golder have been investigated for their phytochemical composition and anticancer potential. This study aimed to extract and identify bioactive compounds from Golder roots to evaluate their anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines using the thermal reflux method with hexane, chloroform, and methanol solvents. The Golder root and its extracts were analyzed to identify bioactive compounds using various techniques, including energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the hexane extract had the lowest extraction efficiency due to its non-polar nature. Also, compared to the methanol extract, the chloroform extract contained fewer carbohydrates which helped to identify other bioactive compounds. The chloroform extraction yielded several compounds with potential anticancer activity. These compounds were squalene, naphthalene derivatives, 1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, vanillin, benzyl alcohol, and cicillin. The in vitro anticancer activity was evaluated using the MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay) on HCT116, SW480, SW48, and SW742 cell lines. The inhibition of cell proliferation was significantly dose-dependent, with IC50 values of 394.9, 563.3, 721.7, and 565.1 μg/mL, respectively. This study provides new insights into the potential use of Golder root extracts as anticancer agents since the chloroform extract induced morphological changes in cancer cells, thus reducing their viability by approximately 50% when the extract was used at 400 μg/mL.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

استخراج و شناسایی فیتوکمیکال‌های عصاره ریشه گلدر (Otostegia persica) و ارزیابی فعالیت ضدسرطانی آن‌ها

Authors [Persian]

  • زهرا فرقانی 1
  • سید محمد هاشم حسینی 1
  • پائول ون در میرن 2
  • فخر الدین نقیبب الحسینی 3
  • مهرداد نیاکوثری 1
1 بخش علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
2 گروه فناوری ذرات و سطحی، گروه شیمی و فناوری سبز، دانشکده مهندسی علوم زیستی، دانشگاه گنت، بلژیک
3 گروه بیوشیمی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

گلدر (Otostegia persica) به طور سنتی برای خواص دارویی آن استفاده می شود. قسمت‌های هوایی گلدر از نظر ترکیب فیتوشیمیایی و پتانسیل ضدسرطانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. این مطالعه با هدف استخراج و شناسایی ترکیبات زیست‌فعال از ریشه گلدر با استفاده از هگزان، کلروفرم و متانول به روش رفلاکس حرارتی و ارزیابی فعالیت ضدسرطانی آن‌ها در برابر رده‌های سلولی سرطان روده بزرگ انجام شد. ریشه گلدر و عصاره‌های آن با استفاده از طیف سنجی پراکندگی انرژی پرتو ایکس (EDX)، طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز- تبدیل فوریه (FT-IR) تکنیک‌های طیف‌سنجی رزونانس مغناطیسی هسته‌ای (NMR)، طیف‌سنجی مرئی-فرابنفش (UV-Vis) و کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف‌سنجی جرمی (GC/MS) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که عصاره کلروفرمی حاوی کربوهیدرات کمتری در مقایسه با عصاره متانولی است که به شناسایی سایر ترکیبات زیست‌فعال کمک می کند. عصاره هگزانی به دلیل ماهیت غیرقطبی خود کمترین راندمان استخراج را داشت. استخراج کلروفرم چندین ترکیب با فعالیت ضدسرطانی بالقوه، از جمله اسکوالن، مشتقات نفتالین، 1H-ایندول-2-کربوکسیلیک اسید، وانیلین، بنزیل الکل و سیسیلین را به همراه داشت. فعالیت ضدسرطانی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با استفاده از آزمون سمیت سلولی (MTT) بر روی رده‌های سلولی HCT116 ، SW480، SW48 و SW742 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج، مهار تکثیر سلولی وابسته به دوز قابل توجهی را با مقادیر IC50 به ترتیب 394.9، 563.3، 721.7 و 565.1 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر نشان دادند. این مطالعه بینش جدیدی در مورد استفاده از عصاره‌های ریشه گلدر به عنوان عوامل ضدسرطانی ارائه می دهد، زیرا عصاره کلروفرم باعث ایجاد تغییرات مورفولوژیکی در سلول‌های سرطانی می شود و زنده ماندن را حدود 50٪ در غلظت 400 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر کاهش می دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • روش رفلاکس حرارتی
  • ریشه گلدر
  • سرطان روده بزرگ
  • فعالیت ضد سرطانی

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 43, Issue 2
December 2024
Pages 48-63

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