Identification of optimal and suitable sites for pistachio orchard replacement using spatial overlaying methods in GIS: A case study in West Azerbaijan, Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Agronomical and Horticultural Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Urmia, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Urmia Lake Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran

3 Department of Water Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Replacing regular high-water-consuming crops with tree species tolerant to salinity and drought, such as pistachio, has been suggested to reduce social and economic crises around Urmia Lake in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran, which has been negatively impacted by climate change and water resource mismanagement. In the current study, to determine suitable sites for pistachio production, the climatic requirements of the pistachio tree were determined, and relevant data, including a map of land use, soil type and limiting factors (salinity), average temperature, relative humidity, elevation, slope maps, and layers were collected from local meteorological and agriculture administrations. All data were prepared as grid surfaces and raster layers in GIS to produce digital layers of individual factors. A spatial overlaying analysis was used to assign weights to each variable in each layer cell, and finally, suitable sites were determined with overlay analysis. According to the results, there are potentially about 195 thousand hectares of relatively suitable areas in different regions of the province. However, considering the restricted water sources at the study site, it is recommended that the extension of pistachio orchards be targeted and timed based on maximizing profit and minimizing the use of water resources. Moreover, it should mainly focus on replacing worn-out and non-economical units and high water-demanding crops (approximately 30,000 hectares). To validate the results, all previously cultivated areas were collected and compared with targeted suitable regions, indicating that about 90.42% of pistachio orchards in the province are in suitable areas for pistachio cultivation. Buffer zone areas of Urmia Lake are among the most suitable areas. Eventually, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve related to observed fields was 0.92, which demonstrates high performance in targeting suitable areas. 

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

شناسایی مناطق بهینه و مناسب برای جایگزینی باغ‌های پسته با استفاده از روش‌های تلفیق فضایی در سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS): مطالعه موردی در آذربایجان غربی، ایران”

Authors [Persian]

  • رضا رضایی 1
  • بهزاد حصاری 2
1 گروه تحقیقات زراعی و باغبانی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ج.ا. ایران
2 گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ج. ا. ایران
3 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ج.ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

تلاش‌ها برای جایگزینی محصولات کشاورزی با درختان مقاوم به شوری و خشکی در استان آذربایجان غربی ایران، که تحت تأثیر تغییرات آب و هوایی قرار گرفته است، منجر به کاهش بحران‌های اجتماعی و اقتصادی در اطراف دریاچه ارومیه شده است. در مطالعه فعلی، برای تعیین مناطق مناسب برای تولید پسته، نیازهای اقلیمی درخت پسته تعیین شد و داده‌های مرتبط، از جمله کاربری اراضی، نوع خاک و عوامل محدود‌کننده (شوری)، دمای میانگین، رطوبت نسبی، ارتفاع، نقشه شیب و لایه‌ها، از سازمان های متولی هواشناسی و کشاورزی جمع‌آوری شد. تمام داده‌ها به عنوان سطوح و لایه‌های رستری در GIS آماده شدند تا لایه‌هایرقومی از هر عامل تولید شود. در نهایت، با استفاده از تلفیق فضایی وزن به هر متغیر در هر سلول لایه صورت گرفت و مناطق مناسب تعیین شدند. بر اساس نتایج، حدود 195 هزار هکتار مناطق نسبتاً مناسب در مناطق مختلف استان وجود دارد. با این حال، با توجه به منابع آب محدود در محل مطالعه، توصیه می‌شود که گسترش باغ‌های پسته با هدف حداکثر سود و کاهش استفاده از منابع آبی و به طور اصلی جایگزینی واحدهای فرسوده و غیراقتصادی و همچنین محصولات با تقاضای آب بالا (حدود 30 هزار هکتار) مورد توجه قرار گیرد. برای اعتبارسنجی نتایج، تمام مناطق پیش‌ترکشت‌شده با مناطق مناسب هدف مقایسه شدند، که نشان‌دهنده حدود 90.42٪ از باغ‌های پسته در استان در مناطق مناسب برای کشت پسته هستند. در نهایت، مساحت زیر نمودار ROC مرتبط با مشاهدات، 0.92 است که نشان‌دهنده عملکرد بالا در تعیین مناطق مناسب است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مکان یابی
  • GIS ؛ تغییر اقلیم
  • جایگزینی باغات پسته
  • دریاچه ارومیه

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 43, Issue 1
December 2024
Pages 9-17

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