Allelopathic potential effects of Rhazya stricta plant extract on growth control of Cuscuta campestris weed seedlings

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agriculture, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Velayat University, Iranshahr, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Biology, Basic Sciences Faculty, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Among weeds, parasitic plants have more profound effects on host plants. Due to its wide geographical distribution, high host range, and inefficient management methods, the Cuscuta  (Cuscuta campestris) plant has become one of the most damaging parasites. The present study aimed to control the Cuscuta weed biologically. To this end, an experiment was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effects of the extract of the Rhazya Stricta plant on the control of this weed population in the laboratory of Velayat University of Iranshahr. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replicates. In this experiment, negative allelopathic effects of different extracts of the R. stricta plant including acetone, aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, and hydroalcoholic extracts on the Cuscuta were investigated in comparison with the distilled water (as control treatment). The results of this study revealed that the aqueous extract of R. stricta significantly decreased the germination percentage, germination vigor, germination rate, root length, and stem length of the Cuscuta compared to those of other treatments. Also, the other extracts of the leaves of the R. stricta plant have significant inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth of the tested parasite weed species compared to those of control treatment (distilled water) suggesting the availability of inhibitory chemicals in the leaves of R. stricta to control the Cuscuta weed. It is suggested to test the negative effects of R. stricta leaf and stem extracts, after decomposition, on other weeds and adjacent and sensitive plants to R. stricta.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

اثرات بالقوه آللوپاتی عصاره گیاه اشورک (Rhazya stricta )بر کنترل رشد گیاهچه های علف‌ هرز سس (Cuscuta campestris)

Authors [Persian]

  • محبوبه زمانی پور 1
  • حسین پیری 1
  • سمانه اسکندرپور 2
1 گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ج. ا. ایران
2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان. ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

در بین علف­های هرز، گیاهان انگلی اثرات بیشتری بر روی گیاهان میزبان دارند. گیاه سس (Cuscuta campestris) به­دلیل پراکندگی جغرافیایی وسیع، دامنه میزبانی بالا و روش­های مدیریتی ناکارآمد، به یکی از آسیب‌زاترین گیاهان انگلی تبدیل شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف کنترل بیولوژیک علف هرز سس در مزرعه طراحی شد. به همین منظور، آزمایشی برای بررسی اثرات آللوپاتیک عصاره گیاه اشورک (Rhazya Stricta) بر کنترل جمعیت این علف­ هرز در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر انجام شد. در این آزمایش، اثرات آللوپاتی منفی عصاره‌های مختلف گیاه اشورک شامل عصاره‌های استونی، آبی، متانولی، اتانولی و هیدروالکلی  بر روی سس در مقایسه با آب مقطر (بعنوان تیمار شاهد) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان دادند که عصاره آبی گیاه اشورک  در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها، درصد جوانه زنی ، قدرت جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی ، طول ریشه و طول ساقه  سس را به‌طور معنی­داری در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها کاهش داد. همچنین، عصاره های آزمایش شده برگ گیاه اشورک اثرات بازدارندگی قابل توجهی بر جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه های گونه­ علف هرز انگل­ مورد آزمایش در مقایسه با تیمارها  شاهد (آب مقطر)داشت، که نشان دهنده در دسترس­بودن مواد شیمیایی بازدارنده در برگ و ساقه گیاه اشورک برای کنترل علف های هرز سس می باشد. پیشنهاد می شود اثرات منفی عصاره برگ و ساقه گیاه اشورک، پس از تجزیه،  بر روی سایر علف های هرز و گیاهان مجاور و حساس به گیاه اشورک مورد آزمایش فرار گیرد. 

Keywords [Persian]

  • استعداد بالقوه تولید
  • اشورک (Rhazya Stricta)
  • خاصیت آللوپاتی
  • سس (Cuscuta campestris)
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