The evaluation of artificial recharge performance in a historic flooding in southern Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Fars agricultural and natural resources research and education cenSoil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Shiraz, I. R. Iranter

10.22099/iar.2023.46521.1522

Abstract

The water crisis is a major challenge for water resources managers in semi-arid regions of Iran. Most of the policies to deal with this crisis have been to contain surface water behind dams. Changing the national approach from dam construction to watershed management is inevitable to conserve groundwater resources in Iran. The effects of flood water spreading (FWS) and artificial recharge of groundwater (ARG) were investigated in a large area in southern Iran during the 151 hours of historic flooding in 2017. The study area was two basins in the Gareh Bygone Plain (GBP) including the Bisheh Zard Basin (192 km2) and Tchah Qootch Basin (171 km2). The water budget equation was used to evaluate the inflow and outflow of the flood spreading system.  Six installed piezometers in the GBP measured the water recession level. The inflow and outflow were continuously measured by a water-level recorder and five broad-crested weirs, respectively. The soil water content of 30 m depth was recorded by the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) sensors. The total volume of water retained by the system on 17 January 2017 was 19,160,951 m3. Net replenishment of the aquifer was 6,677,301 m3. The total recharge of the ARG was 8,332,916 m3 in the study duration. The flood water system retained 70% of the total diverted flow to the system and increased the water level wells in the study area from 1.03 to 2.74 m. Therefore, it can be concluded that FWS and ARG restrained the rare flood event in Iran .Consequently; they can be the logical processes to avoid flood damage and conserve groundwater resources.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی عملکرد تغذیه مصنوعی در یک سیل تاریخی در جنوب ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • محمدهادی جرعه نوش 1
  • مجتبی پاک پرور 2
  • رضا قهاری 1
  • سید آهنگ کوثر 1
1 بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
2 بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

بحران آب چالش بزرگی برای مدیران منابع آب در مناطق نیمه خشک ایران است. بیشتر سیاست‌ها برای مقابله با این بحران، مهار آب‌های سطحی پشت سدها بوده است. تغییر رویکرد ملی از سدسازی به آبخیزداری برای حفظ منابع آب‌های زیرزمینی ایران اجتناب ناپذیر است. تأثیر پخش سیلاب و تغذیه مصنوعی آب‌های زیرزمینی در منطقه وسیعی در جنوب ایران طی 151 ساعت سیل تاریخی در سال 1395 بررسی شد. منطقه مورد مطالعه دو حوضه در دشت گره بایگان شامل حوضه بیشه زرد (192 کیلومتر مربع) و حوضه چاه قوچ (171 کیلومتر مربع) بود. معادله بودجه آب برای ارزیابی آب ورودی و خروجی سیستم پخش سیلاب استفاده شد. شش پیزومتر نصب شده در دشت گره بایگان، سطح رکود آب را اندازه گیری کردند. جریان ورودی و خروجی به ترتیب با یک ثبات سطح آب و پنج سرریز تاج پهن اندازه گیری شدند. محتوای آب خاک تا عمق 30 متری توسط سنسورهای دستگاه رطوبت سنج براساس بازتاب سنجی دامنه زمانی (Time Domain Reflectometry, TDR) ثبت شد. حجم کل آب حفظ شده توسط سیستم در 29 بهمن 1395، 19160951 متر مکعب بود. تغذیه خالص آبخوان 6677301 مترمکعب بود. کل تغذیه ناشی از تغذیه مصنوعی در مدت مطالعه 8332916 متر مکعب بود. سیستم پخش سیلاب، 70 درصد سیلاب انحرافی را مهار نمود و سطح آب چاه‌های منطقه را از1/03 تا 2/74 متر بالا برد. بنابراین میتوان نتیچه گیری کرد که پخش سیلاب و تغذیه مصنوعی، رویداد سیل نادر در ایران را مهار کردند. در نتیجه، آنها می توانند فرآیندهای منطقی برای جلوگیری از خسارات سیل و حفظ منابع آب‌های زیرزمینی باشند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • آب های زیرزمینی
  • پخش سیلاب
  • شارژ مصنوعی
  • دشت گره بایگان

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 41, Issue 2
September 2023
Pages 117-127

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