The effects of Arbuscular mycorrhiza on the growth and physiological characteristics of grafted cucumber under salinity stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Horticulture- College of Agriculture- Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

10.22099/iar.2022.40599.1435

Abstract

This study aimed to study the mutual effects of grafting and Arbuscular mycorrhiza on cucumber. The experimental design was a factorial experiment based on a randomized block design. Accordingly, treatments were mycorrhiza inoculation including non-inoculation mycorrhiza (AM1) as the control, mycorrhiza with 2400 spores per pot (AM2); and grafting, in which cucumbers (Cucumis sativus var. super daminos) were grafted on Lagenaria siceraria (R2) and non-grafted cucumbers (R1), and the salinity concentration included the control (C), without adding NaCl, medium salinity equal to 30 mM NaCl and high salinity equal to 60 mM NaCl with three replications. The results showed that growth parameters such as the number of male and female flowers, time of appearance of the first male and female flower, the node number of the first female flower, stem length, the number of nodes and leaves, shoot and root fresh weights, were decreased with salinity stress. Grafting also affected the time of appearance of the first male flower and in the node, the number of the first female flower appearance at high and moderate NaCl concentrations. The appearance of the first female flower was postponed under the high concentration of NaCl. Photosynthetic reduction detected in cucumbers subjected to salinity was associated with a decrease in their chlorophyll and mesophyll conductance. In addition to reducing the photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll fluorescence was also affected by moderate and high salinity stress. Generally, grafting and mycorrhiza application decreased the harmful effect of salinity, especially in moderate salinity.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تأثیر Arbuscular mycorrhiza بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و رشدی خیار پیوندی تحت تنش شوری

Authors [Persian]

  • علی فرجی‌منش
  • مریم حقیقی
  • فریناز پرنیانی فرد
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ج.ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر متقابل پیوند و Arbuscular mycorrhiza  بر روی خیار انجام شد. طرح آزمایشی، آزمایش فاکتوریل بر اساس بلوک‌های کاملا تصادفی بود. تیمارها مایه‌‌زنی مایکوریزا شامل بدون مایه‌‌زنی مایکوریزا ((AM1) به عنوان شاهد و میکوریزا با 2400 اسپور در هر گلدان (AM2)، و پیوند، که در آن خیار (Cucumis sativus var. super daminos) بر Lagenaria siceraria  پیوند شد (R2) و خیارهای غیر پیوندی (R1) و  غلظت شوری  شامل شاهد (C)، بدون اضافه نمودن NaCl ، شوری متوسط برابر با غلظت 30 میلی مولار NaCl و شوری زیاد برابر با غلظت 60  میلی مولار NaCl با سه تکرار بود. نتایج نشان داد که پارامترهای رشد مانند تعداد گل­های نر و ماده، زمان ظهور اولین گل نر و ماده ، تعداد گره اولین گل ماده ، طول ساقه ، تعداد گره و برگ ، وزن تر شاخساره و ریشه در  تنش شوری کاهش یافت. پیوند فقط در زمان ظهور اولین گل نر و در تعداد گره اولین گل ماده در غلظت‌های بالا و متوسط NaCl اثر گذاشت. ظهور اولین گل ماده تحت غلظت بالای NaCl به تعویق افتاد. کاهش فتوسنتز تشخیص داده شده در خیارهای تحت شوری  با کاهش کلروفیل و هدایت مزوفیل آن­ها همراه بود. علاوه بر کاهش میزان فتوسنتز ، فلورسانس کلروفیل  نیز تحت تأثیر تنش شوری متوسط و زیاد قرار گرفت. بطور کلی­، اثر متقابل پیوند و میکوریزا به خیار کمک می‌کند تا اثر مضر شوری­، به ویژه شوری متوسط را کاهش دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • پایه
  • تنش شوری
  • مایکوریز
  • میکروارگانیزم

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 41, Issue 1
September 2022
Pages 61-73

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