Physiologic parameters of faba bean grown under saline condition, deficit irrigation and biochar

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Water Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Water Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran and Drought Research Center, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Salinity and water stresses and also low fertile soils are the main constraints in the agricultural production of Iran. The purposes of this study were to examine whether the application of wheat straw biochar (with EC of 9.3 dS/m) can enhance faba bean’s physiological characteristics and growth under greenhouse conditions. Hence, three levels of biochar (0, 1.25 and 2.5 % w/w), irrigation regimes (50, 75 and 100 % of crop water requirement) and irrigation water salinities (0.6, 4 and 8 dS/m) were applied using the factorial arrangement in a complete randomized design with four replications. The application of 2.5 % biochar under 0.6 dS/m saline water and 50 % deficit irrigation significantly increased crop height, leaf area index, stomatal conductance by 12, 14 and 11 %, respectively, and declined leaf temperature by 3 % in comparison with that obtained at no biochar application. The addition of 2.5 % w/w biochar under 8 dS/m and 50 % deficit irrigation significantly decreased crop height and stomatal conductance by 21 and 29 %, respectively, in comparison with that obtained at no biochar application, 8 dS/m and 50 % deficit irrigation. Moreover, the application of 2.5 % w/w biochar together with 0.6 dS/m saline water and 100% irrigation water led to having maximum fresh seed yield and 100-seed dry weight. In conclusion, the application of 2.5 % w/w biochar with high electrical conductivity was not appropriate for faba bean under saline conditions at any water regimes.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی باقلا کشت شده در شرایط شوری، کم آبیاری و بیوچار

Authors [Persian]

  • محمد رضا بهادری قصرالدشتی 1
  • فاطمه رزاقی 2
  • علی رضا سپاسخواه 2
1 بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج.ا. ایران
2 بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج.ا. ایران و مرکز تحقیقات خشکسالی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، جمهوری اسلامی ایران، ج.ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

تنش‌‌های شوری و آبی و همچنین خاک‌های با حاصلخیزی کم از محدودیت‌های اصلی در تولید محصولات کشاورزی ایران هستند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی کاربرد بیوچار کاه و کلش گندم (با شوری 9/3 دسی زیمنس بر متر) بر بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی و رشد باقلا در شرایط گلخانه بود. از این رو، سه سطح بیوچار (صفر، 1/25 و 2/50 درصد وزنی)، سطوح آبیاری (50، 75 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) و شوری آب آبیاری (0/6، 4 و 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر) به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اعمال شد. کاربرد 2/5 درصد وزنی بیوچار با شوری 0/6 دسی زیمنس بر متر و 50 درصد کم آبیاری به ترتیب باعث افزایش معنی‌دار ارتفاع ، شاخص سطح برگ و هدایت روزنه‌ای به مقدار 12، 20 و 11 درصد و کاهش 3 درصدی دمای برگ در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد بیوچار شد. افزودن 5/2 درصد وزنی بیوچار همراه با آب شور 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر و 50 درصد کم آبیاری به طور معنی‌داری ارتفاع محصول و هدایت روزنه‌ای را به مقدار 21 و 29 درصد در مقایسه با بدون استفاده از بیوچار و با آب شور 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر و 50 درصد کم آبیاری کاهش داد. همچنین کاربرد 2/5 درصد وزنی بیوچار همراه با 0/6 دسی زیمنس بر متر آب شور و 100 درصد آب آبیاری منجر به حداکثر عملکرد دانه تازه و وزن خشک 100 دانه شد. در نتیجه، استفاده از بیوچار 5/2 درصد وزنی با هدایت الکتریکی بالا برای باقلا در شرایط شور در هیچ سطح آب آبیاری مناسب نبود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • دمای برگ
  • شرایط گلخانه
  • غلظت پروتئین
  • محصول دانه
  • هدایت روزنه‌ای

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 40, Issue 2
March 2022
Pages 61-70

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