Evaluation of soil fertility map for bean cultivation in Eghlid Plain by using Hybrid Fuzzy-AHP and GIS techniques

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Soil and Water Research, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Soil and Water Research, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ahvaz, I. R. Iran

3 Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, I. R. Iran

Abstract

The increase in the performance of cultivated plants is under the influence of various features including the soil properties. The nutrient elements of the soil are among the important soil features. The soil fertility should be studied to determine the proper level of fertilizer application. The improper use of chemical fertilizers with no attention to soil fertility not only does not increase the quality and quantity of the products but also imposes extra costs while unbalancing the level of nutritional elements of the soil and causing environmental problems. In this regard, the determination of soil fertility and providing a soil fertility map sounds necessary. In this study, the soil fertility of Shadkam plain in Eghlid county of Fars province was determined to prepare the soil fertility map for the cultivation of bean. The soil fertility map was obtained by a fuzzy system using a hierarchical analysis in a GIS environment. To this end, soil sampling was conducted from 210 locations and the input data including organic matter, potassium, phosphorous, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper concentrations were measured.  The interpolation of each soil element was achieved by the inverse distance weight (IDW) model in the GIS environment. Then, a membership function was prepared for each factor to obtain the fuzzy map considering their corresponding critical values. Finally, each layer was allocated with weight using the analytic hierarchy process. Based on the relative weight of each criterion, the highest relative weight (0.354)  was obtained for organic carbon while iron showed the lowest (0.031)  relative weight. The results also indicated that 0.3, 80.3, and 19.4% of the studied region can be categorized as very poor, poor, and moderate groups in terms of fertility for bean cultivation, respectively.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی نقشه حاصلخیزی خاک دشت اقلید برای لوبیا با استفاده از روش هیبرید فازی- تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی

Authors [Persian]

  • غلامرضا زارعیان 1
  • ابوالفضل آزادی 2
  • سیروس شاکری 3
1 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
2 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ج. ا. ایران
3 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

افزایش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلفی از جمله خصوصیات خاک است. از جمله ویژگی‌های خاک می توان به عناصر غذایی موجود در خاک اشاره کرد. تعیین حاصلخیزی خاک برای مشخص کردن میزان کوددهی بسیار مهم است. بدون توجه به میزان حاصلخیزی خاک، با مصرف نادرست کودهای شیمیایی نه تنها عملکرد کیفی و کمی محصولات بالا نمی‌رود، بلکه باعث می‌شود ضمن تحمیل هزینه‌های اضافی، تعادل عناصر غذایی در خاک بهم خورده و مسائل زیست محیطی نیز مطرح شود. بنابراین تعیین درجه حاصلخیزی خاک و تهیه نقشه حاصلخیزی ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این مطالعه سعی بر آن شد تا با تهیه نقشه حاصلخیزی خاک به منظور کشت لوبیا در دشت شادکام شهرستان اقلید استان فارس، درجه حاصلخیزی خاک مشخص شود. نقشه حاصلخیزی خاک با استفاده از سامانه فازی و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی در محیط GIS تهیه گردد. جهت نیل به این اهداف از 210 نقطه منطقه مورد مطالعه نمونه برداری صورت گرفت و داده‌های ورودی برای تعیین حاصلخیزی خاک که شامل غلظت‌های  ماده آلی، پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن،  منگنز، روی و مس بودند اندازه گیری شدند. در ابتدا درون یابی برای هر یک از عناصر خاک با استفاده از مدل وزن دهی عکس فاصله (IDW) در محیط  GIS انجام شد. سپس برای هر یک از عوامل به منظور تهیه نقشه فازی یک تابع عضویت با توجه به حد بحرانی آنها تهیه گردید. در نهایت برای وزن دهی به هریک از لایه ها از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) استفاده شد. بر اساس وزن‌های نسبی هر یک از معیارها بیشترین  وزن نسبی  مربوط به کربن آلی به میزان 0/354 و کمترین وزن نسبی محاسبه شده مربوط به عنصر آهن قابل استفاده با  مقدار 0/031 بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که  0/3، 80/3 و 19/4درصد از منطقه مورد مطالعه به ترتیب در گروه های خیلی ضعیف، ضعیف ومتوسط از لحاظ حاصلخیزی جهت کشت لوبیا قرار گرفتند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • لوبیا
  • خاک‌های آهکی
  • استان فارس
  • حاصلخیزی خاک

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 40, Issue 1
April 2021
Pages 101-112

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