Canola quality and fatty acids composition as influenced by delayed cropping and late season drought stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahr-e-Ghods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Crop production, Hajiabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hajiabad, Hormozgan, I. R. Iran

Abstract

To investigate the effects of drought stress and delayed planting on oil quality and fatty acids composition of canola cultivars, a factorial split-plot test was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran for two years (2015-2017) ‎. Planting date at two  levels of timely planting (Oct. 27) and late planting (Nov. 27) and irrigation at two levels of normal irrigation (control) and restricted irrigation from pod formation stage on wards were considered the main factors. Canola cultivars including Kodiak, Traviata, Compass, Diffusion, Mehr2, Elvise and Tassilo were the variables. The simple effects of planting date, irrigation, and cultivar on all research parameters were significant. The interaction effect of planting date × irrigation was significant on oil yield and oil content at the level of 5% and in terms of linoleic and palmitic acids, and stomatal resistance; it was significant at the level of 1%. The interaction effect of irrigation × cultivar was significant on palmitic acid, glucosinolate and stomatal resistance at the level of 1%. Late season drought stress and late planting dramatically reduced oil yield (58%), oil content (8%) and qualitative characteristics of canola cultivars. Among the studied cultivars, with considering all conditions of this research, the Tassilo cultivar having the seed yield (4407 kg ha-1), oil yield (2007 kg ha-1), chlorophyll content (1.43 mg g-1fw), high oleic and linoleic fatty acids, as well as low and standard erucic acid (0.41%) and glucosinolate (22.8 μmol g-1). was recommended as a favorable cultivar for planting in temperate cold regions with arid and semi-arid climates.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تغییرات کیفی و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب کلزا تحت تاثیر کاشت تاخیری و تنش خشکی آخر فصل

Authors [Persian]

  • زهرا بیوک 1
  • ناصر شهسواری 2
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر قدس، تهران، ج. ا. ایران
2 گروه مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی، واحد حاجی آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، حاجی آباد، هرمزگان، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

به منظور بررسی اثر کاشت تاخیری و تنش خشکی بر کیفیت روغن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب هیبریدهای کلزا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به مدت دو سال(1393-1395) درموسسه تهیه نهال و بذر کرج، ایران، اجرا شد. تاریخ کاشت در دو سطح شامل کاشت به موقع (5 مهر ماه) و کاشت تأخیری (5 آبان ماه)، آبیاری نیز در دو سطح شامل آبیاری معمول (شاهد) و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجیندهی به بعد به عنوان عوامل اصلی و ژنوتیپ های کلزا شامل Kodiak، Traviata،Compass ،Diffusion ، Mehr2،Elvise  وTassilo  به عنوان عوامل فرعی بودند. اثرات ساده تاریخ کاشت، آبیاری و رقم بر تمام صفات آزمایش معنی دار بود. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت×آبیاری بر صفات درصد و عملکرد روغن دانه در سطح 5 درصد، و بر درصد اسیدهای لینولئیک و پالمیتیک، و مقاومت روزنه ای در سطح یک درصد معنی دار گردید. اثر متقابل آبیاری×رقم نیز برمیزان اسید پالمیتیک، گلوکوزینولات و مقاومت روزنه ای تاثیر معنی داری را در سطح یک درصد نشان داد. تنش خشکی آخر فصل و کاشت تاخیری، به میزان چشمگیری عملکرد روغن (58%)، درصد روغن (80%) و ویژگی های کیفی ارقام کلزا را کاهش داد. در بین ژنوتیپ های مورد مطالعه و با در نظر گرفتن کلیه شرایط این تحقیق، هیبریدTassilo  با میزان بالای عملکرد دانه (4497 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد روغن (2007 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، محتوای کلروفیل (1.43 mg g-1fw)، اسیدهای چرب اولئیک و لینولئیک و داشتن اروسیک اسید (41/. %)  و گلوکوزینولات دانه (22.8 μmol g-1) به میزان استاندارد میتواند در توسعه کشت کلزا در مناطق معتدل سرد با اقلیم خشک و نیمه خشک موثر و قابل توصیه باشد. 

Keywords [Persian]

  • کلزا
  • ترکیب اسیدهای چرب
  • تاریخ کاشت
  • تنش رطوبتی

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 40, Issue 1
April 2021
Pages 61-70

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