Effects of saline irrigated water on forage quality of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Natural Resources Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran.

2 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

Salinity is a major abiotic stress for crop production in many parts of the world. To evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water on growth parameters and forage quality of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), a field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran during 2013-2015. The treatments were four irrigation levels with saline water (4, 8, 12 and 16 dS.m-1). Plant fresh weight (FW), plant dry weight (DW), crude protein (CP), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), dry matter digestibility (DMD), total tannins (TT) and ash content were measured in the second year of growth season. The results showed that the maximum fresh weight (51551 kg ha-1) and dry weight (9000 kg ha-1) were obtained at EC=4 dS.m−1. Increasing salinity levels caused a significant reduction in NDF and ADF contents, while ash, CP, DMD and TT contents were increased. The treatments of EC=12 and EC=16 dS.m−1 produced the highest amount of CP (178.3, 185.1 g/kg DM), DMD (613.2, 636.2g/kg DM) and the lowest content of NDF (598, 585.1g/kg DM) and ADF (393, 3778g/kg DM), respectively. The lowest tannin content (28.2g/kg DM) was observed in EC=4 dS.m−1 and there was no significant difference between the treatments of EC=8 and EC=12 dS.m−1. Generally, results showed that although increasing salinity decreased plant yield, it could increase forage quality characteristics.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

تأثیر آب آبیاری شور بر کیفیت علوفه کنگرفرنگی (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.)

Authors [Persian]

  • بابک بحرینی نژاد 1
  • مرضیه اله دادی 2
1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،
2 دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز
Abstract [Persian]

شوری تنش مهم غیرزیستی برای تولید محصولات زراعی در بسیاری از نقاط جهان است. برای ارزیابی تاثیر آبیاری با آب شور بر پارامترهای رشد و کیفیت علوفه کنگرفرنگی، آزمایش مزرعه­ای در قالب طرح بلوک­های کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، ایران طی سال­های 93-1391 انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی شامل چهار سطح شوری با آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی 4، 8، 12 و 16 دسی زیمنس بر متر بود. وزن ‏تر و خشک گیاه، پروتئین خام، کربوهیدراتهای محلول در آب، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، تانن کل و خاکستر درسال دوم رشد اندازه‏گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر وزن ‏تر (51551 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و وزن خشک (9000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار شوری با آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی  dS.m-14بدست آمد. افزایش سطح شوری باعث کاهش معنی­دار میزان الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی گیاه شد، درحالی‏که میزان خاکستر، پروتئین خام، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و تانن کل افزایش یافت. تیمارهای شوری با آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی  dS.m-112 و 16 بیشترین میزان پروتئین خام و قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و کمترین میزان الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی را داشتند. کمترین میزان تانن (g/kg DM 28/2)در تیمار شوری با آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی  dS.m-14 مشاهده شد و بین تیمارهای شوری با آب آبیاری با هدایت الکتریکی dS.m-1 8 و 12 اختلاف معنی­داری وجود نداشت. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد اگرچه با افزایش شوری عملکرد گیاه کاهش یافت لیکن توانست باعث افزایش خصوصیات کیفی علوفه شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • کنگرفرنگی
  • پروتئین خام
  • قابلیت هضم ماده خشک
  • آب شور
  • تانن کل
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