Carbon sequestration in sugarcane plant and soil with different cultivation systems

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Emeritus Professor at Shiraz University and Adjunct Professor at School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia

3 Manager of Agronomy Department in Iranian Sugarcane Research and Training Institute

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a multi-purpose crop, mainly planted in South-western (SW) parts of Iran. However, the capability of sugarcane farms to sequestrate carbon into soil and plant is not well documented. In this research, the carbon sequestration in sugarcane plant and soil in a ratooning traditional cultivation system at the Amirkabir Sugarcane Agro-Industry Complex in Khuzestan Province was evaluated during 2013-2014. The soil samples were randomly collected at 0-30 cm top layer and soil organic carbon (SOC) was analysed in laboratory. Simultaneously, both aboveground and underground parts of sugarcane plants were sampled and the carbon content of each part was measured separately. The carbon stored in the aboveground parts (leaves and shoots) was significantly (p≤0.01) higher (1292 kg ha-1) than that (655 kg ha-1) of underground organs (roots). The total SOC (1987.3 kg ha-1) was not considerably higher than the sequestrated carbon (1947 kg ha-1) in plant parts. Furthermore, a positive and significant correlation was found between SOC and soil clay content. Overall, 3934.5 kg ha-1 sequestrated carbon equal to 14439.6 kg ha-1 atmospheric CO2 was estimated to be in sugarcane farms. In conclusion, the results showed that the Ratoon I has the highest potential of carbon sequestration than other treatments. Current sugarcane farming practices in Khuzestan could act as an important pool for carbon sequestration and consequently enhancing the mitigation of climate change impacts. It seems that changing the current sugarcane traditional harvesting system which is predominantly based on burning the residues towards the suitable management could enhance the capability of carbon sequestration even more.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

ترسیب کربن در گیاه و خاک مزارع نیشکر در سیستم‌های مختلف کشت

Authors [Persian]

  • علیرضا عزیزی 1
  • غلامعباس قنبریان 1
  • علیمراد حسنلی 2
  • محمود شمیلی 3
1 بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز
2 بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه استرالیای جنوبی
3 مدیر مرکز تحقیقات نیشکر ، شرکت کشت و صنعت نیشکراهواز
Abstract [Persian]

نیشکر گیاهی چند منظوره است که عمدتاً در قسمت­های جنوب غربی ایران کشت می­شود. تاکنون در مورد قابلیت ترسیب کربن مزارع نیشکر ایران پژوهش­های کافی صورت نگرفته است. در این پژوهش، ترسیب کربن در اندام­های گیاه و خاک مزارع تحت کشت نیشکر در خوزستان که به روش سنتیراتونینگ کشت و برداشت می­شوند مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. به این منظور، نمونه­های خاک از لایه سطحی 30-0 سانتی­متری به صورت تصادفی برداشت و میزان کربن آلی، اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، بافت و وزن ویژه ظاهری آن­ها تعیین شد. به صورت همزمان از اندام­های هوایی (برگ و ساقه) و زیر زمینی (ریشه) گیاه نیشکر نمونه­گیری صورت گرفت و میزان کربن هر بخش به صورت  جداگانه تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کربن ذخیره شده در بخش بالای سطح خاک (برگ و ساقهبه میزان kg ha-11292) به صورت معنی داری (p < /span>≤0.05) بیشتر از  اندام­های زیرزمینی (ریشه­ به میزان kg ha-1 655) می­باشد. کل کربن ترسیب شده در خاک (به میزان kg ha-1 3/1987) با میزان کربن ترسیب شده در کل اندام­های گیاهی (به میزان kg ha-11947) اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت. علاوه بر این، همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری بین کربن آلی و میزان رس خاک مشاهده شد. برآوردها نشان داد که مقدار کربن ترسیب شده در گیاه و خاک مزارع نیشکر خوزستان kg ha-1 5/3934 است که معادل kg ha-1 6/14439دی اکسید کربن جذب شده از اتمسفر است. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد در سیستم کشت راتونینگ، کل کربن ترسیب شده در مرحله راتون 1 بیشترین میزان را دارد. در نتیجه کشت نیشکر در جنوب غرب ایران می تواند به عنوان  حوضچه­ای مهم برای ذخیره کربن عمل کرده و در نتیجه موجب کاهش اثرات تغییرات اقلیمی گردد. به نظر می­رسد که ایجاد تغییر در سامانه فعلی برداشت محصول نیشکر که بر مبنای سوزانیدن بقایای گیاهی در مزرعه است و حرکت به سوی مدیریت پایدار با هدف حفظ بقایای گیاهی، بتواند توانایی ترسیب کربن این مزارع را افزایش دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تغییر اقلیم
  • استان خوزستان
  • سامانه کشت راتونینیگ
  • کربن آلی خاک

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 38, Issue 2
December 2019
Pages 47-54

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