Susceptibility of immature stages of a biocontrol agent, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, to imidacloprid and pyriproxyfen

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, I.R.Iran,

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Chemical control is one of the important strategies in agricultural pest management because of easy operation, availability and fast control of pests. On the other hand, the environment has been exposed to various types of pesticides and pollutants which are growing daily. The persistent effects of residual pesticides commonly used cause numerous problems for non-target organisms especially parasitoids and predators. In this research, the effects of pyriproxyfen and imidacloprid on Cheilomenes sexmaculata (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were studied. The eggs of the ladybird beetle were treated with each pesticide in three concentrations by dipping method. Maximum field recommended concentration (MFRC=50 mg/L), 2/1 MFRC (to simulate multiple treatments) and 1/2 MFRC (to test the sublethal effects) were used for pyriproxyfen and 1/1 MFRC (140 mg/L), 1/2 MFRC (70 mg/L) and 1/4 MFRC (35 mg/L) were used for imidacloprid. The highest mortality of the first instar larvae was observed in imidacloprid at MFRC and pyriproxyfen at 2/1 MFRC. Also, maximum influence on fertility was observed at 2/1 MFRC of pyriproxyfen and MFRC of imidacloprid with 55% and 44% reduction compared to the control, respectively. Moreover, pyriproxyfen caused significant retardation on larval development at concentrations higher than 1/2 MFRC. Both insecticides initiated a significant effects on adult eclosion compared to the control and the greatest influence was observed by imidacloprid at 1/1 MFRC with 89% reduction in adult eclosion. Although results revealed that imidacloprid has higher acute toxicity to C. sexmaculata, further results obtained from the analysis of on the life cycle parameters of C. sexmaculata also indicated that pyriproxyfen also had toxic effects on this predator. 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

حساسیت مراحل نابالغ یک عامل کنترل بیولوژیک، Cheilomenes sexmaculata به ایمیداکوپراید و پاپریپروکسی‌فن

Authors [Persian]

  • مهسا نظری فتح آباد 1
  • شهناز شهیدی نوقابی 2
1 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج)، رفسنجان، ج، ا، ایران
2 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج)، رفسنجان، ج، ا، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

کنترل شیمیایی یکی از مهمترین استراتژی­ها در مدیریت آفات کشاورزی می­باشد، چرا که به راحتی در دسترس بوده و به­خوبی آفات کشاورزی را کنترل می­کند. از طرفی محیط زیست در معرض انواع مختلفی از آفتکش­ها قرار می‌گیرد و میزان آلودگی آنها روی محیط زیست هر روز بیشتر می­شود. همچنین، بقایای آفتکش­های متداول که پیوسته مورد­ استفاده قرار می­گیرد مشکلات زیادی روی موجودات غیرهدف بخصوص پارازیتوئیدها و شکارگر­ها بوجود می­آورد.در این تحقیق، تاثیرات ایمیداکلوپراید و پایریپروکسی­فن روی تخم کفشدوزک Cheilomenes Sexmaculata   با روش غوطه­وری تخم مطالعه شد. غلظت­های پایریپروکسی­فن شامل بالاترین غلظت توصیه­شده در مزرعه (mg/L 50 (، دو برابر و یک دوم آن و برای ایمیداکلوپراید نیز بالاترین غلظت مزرعه )mg/L 140)، یک دوم و یک چهارم آن استفاده شد. در بالاترین غلظت ایمیداکلوپراید تخمها تفریخ نشدند و بیشترین مرگ­و­میر لارو سن اول نیز در این غلظت مشاهده شد. اما، هیچ مرگ و میری در سنین بالاتر لاروهای باقی مانده دیده نشد. دوبرابر غلظت توصیه­شده پایریپروکسی­فن و بالاترین غلظت ایمیداکلوپراید به­ترتیب با 55% و 44% کاهش در باروری نسبت به شاهد بیشترین تاثیر را داشتند. همچنین، در یک دوم بالاترین غلظت توصیه شده پایریپروکسی­فن و غلظت­های بالاتر آن رشد لاروها تاخیر معنی­­داری داشت. بعلاوه، هر دو آفتکش در مقایسه با شاهد تاثیر معنی­داری در کاهش خروج حشرات بالغ از پوسته شفیرگی داشتند، به­طوری که در بالاترین غلظت ایمیداکلوپراید 89% کاهش مشاهده شد. اگرچه نتایج به­روشنی بیانگر این­است که ایمیداکلوپراید اثرات سمی حاد برC. sexmaculata داشته است، اما با ادامه آزمایشات روی پارامترهای جدول زندگی ، نتایج نشان داد که پایریپروکسی­فن نیز دارای اثرات سمی روی این شکارگر می­باشد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مدیریت آفات کشاورزیCheilomenes sexmaculata
  • روش غوطهوری
  • ایمیداکلوپراید
  • پایریپروکسی فن
  • سمیت

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 38, Issue 1
October 2019
Pages 67-74

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