Effects of non-living mulches and metribuzin on yield and yield components of tomato (Lycopersicon escolentum cv. CH)

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Weed Science of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Crop and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University Shiraz, I.R. Iran

3 Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. Iran

Abstract

ABSTRACT- To compare the effects of six types of non-living mulches (wheat straw, sawdust, coco peat, peat moss, transparent and black plastic) with metribuzin on yield and yield components of tomato cv "CH" and the weed control efficiency, a study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at School of Agriculture, Shiraz University in 2012. Plots without mulch (weedy and weed free) were considered as control. The highest and the lowest tomato dry weight accumulation was observed in the black plastic mulch (728.98 g m-2) and weedy treatment (126.22 g m-2), respectively. The highest number of fruits (marketable plus unmarketable fruits) per plant (208.33) under black plastic mulch treatment was observed at harvest time. Tomato yield in plots covered with transparent plastic and black plastic were 20.93, 8.31 kg m-2, respectively and were significantly different from those treated with herbicide (6.06 kg m-2). Weed control efficacy evaluation showed that black (82.23%) and transparent (86.23%) plastic were not significantly different from metribuzin (84.59%). Application of non-living mulches produced tomatoes of higher quality and quantity.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

اثرات مالچ‌های غیرزنده (ارگانیک و غیرارگانیک) و علف‌کش متریبوزین بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicon escolentum cv. CH)

Authors [Persian]

  • روزبه زنگوئی نژاد 1
  • سید عبدالرضا کاظمینی 2
  • حسین غدیری 2
  • جمال جوانمردی 3
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ج. ا. ایران
2 2روه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز،شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
3 2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده-به منظور مقایسه اثرات شش نمونه مالچ شامل مالچ پلاستیک شفاف، پلاستیک مشکی، کاه­و­کلش گندم، خاک اره،کوکوپیت و پیت­ماس با علف­کش متریبوزین بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گوجه­فرنگی رقم "CH" و مهار علف­های­هرز آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با نه تیمار در سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز در سال  1391 صورت پذیرفت. پلات­های بدون مالچ (حضور علف­هرز و بدون علف­هرز) به عنوان شاهد استفاده شدند. بیشترین و کمترین تجمع وزن خشک گوجه­فرنگی به ترتیب درکرت­های تحت تاثیر مالچ پلاستیک مشکی (98/728 گرم در مترمربع) و تیمار حضور علف­هرز (22/126گرم در مترمربع) مشاهده شد. بیشترین تعداد میوه در هر بوته (33/208) در تیمار مالچ پلاستیک مشکی در زمان برداشت محصول مشاهده شد. عملکرد گوجه­فرنگی به ترتیب درکرت­های تیمار شده با مالچ­های پلاستیک شفاف و مشکی 93/20 و 31/8 کیلوگرم در مترمربع بود که با علف­کش متریبوزین (06/6 کیلوگرم در هکتار) اختلاف معنی­داری نشان داد. بررسی کارآیی کنترل علف­های­هرز نشان داد که مالچ­های پلاستیک مشکی (23/82 درصد) و شفاف (23/86 درصد) با علف­کش متریبوزین (59/84 درصد) از این نظر دارای اختلاف آماری معنی­داری نبودند. بررسی­ها نشان داد که کاربرد مالچ­های غیرزنده سبب تولید محصول گوجه­فرنگی بیشتری ­شد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • پیت‌ماس
  • پلاستیک شفاف
  • مهار علف‌هرز

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 37, Issue 1
June 2018
Pages 43-48

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