Productivity and economic efficiency of wheat in rotation with cotton

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, I. R. Iran.

2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, I. R. Iran

3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran

Abstract

ABSTRACT- Crop rotation has many benefits for agro-ecosystems production. In order to evaluate two current rotation systems of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in Kamalabad region of Fasa, an experiment was conducted during 2015-2016 growing season. The rotation systems were fallow-wheat and cotton (Gossypium spp.)-wheat. Research plots were arranged as a randomized complete block design with two blocks. The results showed that seed yield and yield components of wheat were significantly affected by rotation systems. The highest and lowest seed yield and yield components (except 1000 seeds weight and biological yield) and economical value were obtained when wheat was planted after fallow and cotton, respectively. However, the estimation of rotation indices and economic value of rotation systems showed that the highest rotation duration, land use efficiency, production efficiency, and total economic value were obtained from cotton-wheat rotation. Also, the determination of effective traits in wheat yield showed that plant height, spikes per m2, seeds per spike and harvest index were highly correlated with grain yield. Therefore, although planting wheat after fallow produced more seeds, in terms of total ecosystem production and land use efficiency, this system showed lower productivity and economic efficiency compared to cotton-wheat rotation. Thus cotton-wheat rotation could be adopted by farmers for more production.  

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی بازده اقتصادی و قابلیت تولیدگندم در شرایط تناوب باپنبه

Authors [Persian]

  • جاسم امینی فر 1
  • محمود رمرودی 1
  • محمد گلوی 2
  • غلامرضا محسن‌آبادی 3
1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ج. ا. ایران
2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ج. ا. ایران
3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت. ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده-تناوب زراعی به علت داشتن مزایای فراوان، اکوسیستم­های زراعی را تحت تأثیر قرار ­می­دهد. در همین راستا، به منظور ارزیابی دو سامانه تناوبی رایج مبتنی بر گندم در منطقه کمال­ آباد فسا، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 95-1394 انجام شد. سامانه­­ های تناوبی کشت گندم (Triticum aestivumL.) مورد ارزیابی عبارت بودند از آیش-گندم و پنبه (Gossypium spp.)-گندم. نتایج حاکی از تاثیرمعنی­ دار تناوب زراعی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکردگندم بود، به نحوی که بالاترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکردگندم (به استثنای وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد زیستی) به ترتیب در شرایط کشت پس از آیش و پنبه به دست آمد. شایان ذکر است که بیشترین ارزش اقتصادی گندم نیز با توجه به عملکرد بالاتر تناوب آیش-گندم، در این سامانه حاصل شد. اما برآورد شاخص­ های تناوب و ارزش اقتصادی سامانه­ های تناوبی نشان داد که بیشترین طول دوره تناوب، کارایی استفاده از زمین، کارایی تولید و ارزش اقتصادی کل، مربوط به تناوب پنبه-گندم بود. همچنین تعیین صفات مؤثر در افزایش عملکردگندم نیز نشان داد که صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله و شاخص برداشت، بیشترین نقش را در شکل­ گیری عملکرد آن داشته ­اند. بنابراین اگرچه در این آزمایش کشت گندم پس از آیش منجر به تولیدگندم بیشتر شد، اما این سامانه تناوب از نظر تولیدکل اکوسیستم زراعی و کارایی استفاده از زمین، از بهره­ وری تولید و از بازده اقتصادی پایین­ تری نسبت به تناوب پنبه-گندم، برخوردار بوده است. از اینروسامانه پنبه-گندم می­ تواند توسط کشاورزان در راستای تولیدبیشتر، مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • واژه‏ های کلیدی:
  • تنوع کاشت
  • کارایی استفاده از زمین
  • Triticumaestivum
  • عملکرد

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 36, Issue 2
December 2017
Pages 55-60

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