The influence of sugarcane mulch on sand dune stabilization in Khuzestan, the southwest of Iran

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran.

2 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran.

Abstract

ABSTRACT- Over the past 50 years, oil mulching has been a common technique for sand dune stabilization in the southwest of Iran (Khuzestan province). However, concerns over the release of heavy metals from oil mulching have led to the search for alternative mulches that are capable of stabilizing sand dunes without environmental hazards. This study investigates the feasibility of using sugarcane residues for producing environment-friendly mulches. Dunder, Press Mud, and clay soil from the surrounding area near the sand dunes were used to make sugarcane mulches for comparison with the traditional oil mulch. A sand dune was selected as a sample bed for applying the mulch. To select the proper ingredients and treatments, Dunder, Press Mud, and clay soil were mixed with water by a trial-and-error method. The selected batch mix was then used to make the desired mulch and sprayed on a sand dune bed. Shear strength of surface soil (SSS), penetration resistance (PR), soil surface shear resistance (SSR), and erodibility of selected treatments were measured by the shear torvane, hand penetrometer, Zhang’s surface shear device, and the wind tunnel. The treatments were arranged in a factorial experiment within a completely random design with the factors including mulch type (seven sugarcane mulches and one traditional oil mulch), thickness (1 or 2 layers), and rainfall (rain and no rain). The results indicate that SSS and PR increased with mulch thickness; the average values of SSS and PR obtained with the two-layer treatments were 1.27‒1.33 and 1.13‒1.15 times as great as the single-layer treatments. Increasing fraction of sugarcane residues significantly increased the SSS and PR. Higher concentrations of organic matter, CaCO3, and electrolyte in the sugarcane mulches may have helped the bonding of soil particles and increased the SSS and PR. However, the oil mulch had the lowest SSS but the highest PR. This might be due to the lower viscosity of oil mulch that allows it to penetrate sand dunes more easily than sugarcane mulches do.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

اثر مالچ های نیشکری بر روی تثبیت شن های روان در خوزستان، جنوب غربی ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • تارا جمیلی 1
  • حبیب اله نادیان 1
  • احسان شهبازی 2
2 دانشگاه شهرکرد،
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده- در طول 50 سال گذشته، مالچ پاشی نفتی روشی متداول برای تثبیت شن های روان، در جنوب غربی ایران (استان خوزستان) بوده است. با این حال، نگرانی ها در مورد انتشار فلزات سنگین از مالچ نفتی، منجر به تحقیق در زمینه مالچ های جایگزینی شده است که توانایی تثبیت شن های روان را بدون خطرات زیست محیطی داشته باشند. هدف از این پژوهش امکان استفاده از ضایعات نیشکر برای تولید مالچ سازگار با محیط زیست می باشد. ویناس، فیلترکیک و خاک رسی در منطقه نزدیک به شن های روان جهت تولید مالچ های نیشکری در مقایسه با روش سنتی مالچ پاشی نفتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. ویناس، فیلترکیک و خاک رسی به روش آزمون و خطا با مقدار مشخصی آب مخلوط گردیده اند و بر روی شن روان پاشیده شده اند. تنش برشی سطح خاک، مقاومت فروروی، مقاومت برشی سطح خاک و فرسایش پذیری تیمارهای انتخابی به ترتیب با دستگاه پره برشی، نفوذ سنج دستی، دستگاه برش سطحی ژانگ و تونل باد اندازه گیری شدند. تیمارها به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با فاکتورهایی که شامل نوع مالچ (هفت نوع مالچ نیشکری و یک مالچ سنتی نفتی)، ضخامت (یک و دو لایه)، و بارش (باران و بدون بارن) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داده است که مقاومت برشی و مقاومت فروروی با ضخامت افزایش یافتند؛ میانگین مقادیر مقاومت برشی و فروروی اندازه گیری شده در تیمار دو لایه به ترتیب 27/1 – 33/1 و 13/1 – 15/1 برابر بیشتر از تیمار یک لایه بودند. افزایش مقدار ضایعات نیشکر به طور چشمگیری مقادیر مقاومت برشی و فروروی را افزایش داد. غلظت های بیشتر از مواد آلی، کربنات کلسیم و الکترولیت در مالچ های نیشکری باعث پیوند ذرات خاک و افزایش مقاومت برشی و فروروی می گردد. مالچ نفتی کمترین مقاومت برشی و بیشترین مقاومت فروروی را داشت. که می تواند به دلیل ویسکوزیته کمتر مالچ نفتی نسبت به مالچ های نیشکری باشد که به راحتی در شن های روان نفوذ می نماید.

Keywords [Persian]

  • واژه های کلیدی:
  • ویناس
  • تثبیت شن روان
  • مالچ نفتی
  • مالچ نیشکری

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 34, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2015
Pages 71-80

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