Relationship between initial population density of Meloidogyne javanica and susceptibility of three cucumber cultivars

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause approximately 5% yield losses in global crop production and have a wide host range in tropical and subtropical regions. This study investigated the relationship between initial Meloidogyne javanica population density and resistance in three cucumber cultivars under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of three cucumber cultivars (‘Super Dominus’, ‘Bate-Alpha’, and ‘Sina’) were sown in plastic pots containing 1 kg steam-sterilized sandy-loam soil and maintained under greenhouse conditions at 27 ± 4 °C. Seedlings at the four-leaf stage were inoculated with different inoculum densities of M. javanica (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 eggs/g soil). Plant growth and nematode infestation indices were evaluated two months after inoculation. The gall index (GI) and reproduction factor (Rf) enabled cultivar resistance evaluation. Results showed that M. javanica was pathogenic for all tested cultivars at any initial population density, causing severe (> 50%) growth reductions at higher densities. Based on Canto-Saenz’s host suitability criteria (GI > 2 and Rf > 1), all cultivars were classified as susceptible.

Graphical Abstract

Relationship between initial population density of Meloidogyne javanica and susceptibility of three cucumber cultivars

Keywords

Main Subjects


Aboulipour, M. R., Olia, M., Fadaee A. K., Kadivar, M. (2011). Reaction of some cucumber cultivars to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 47(3), 279-291.
Barillas-Argueta, J. R. (1993). The influence of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita [Kofoid & White] Chitwood 1949) on growth and development of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus leaves) and its control (Master’s thesis, Mississippi State University).
Byrd, D. W., Kirkpatrik, T., & Barker, K. R. (1983). An improved technique for clearing and staining plant tissues for detection of nematodes. Journal of Nematology, 15, 142-143.
Charegani, H., Majzoob, S., Hamzehzarghani, H., & Karegar-Bide, A. (2012). Effect of various initial population densities of two species of Meloidogyne on growth of tomato and cucumber in greenhouse. Nematologia Mediterranea, 40, 129-134.
Dammini Premachandra, W. T. S., & Gowen, S. R. (2015). Influence of pre-plant densities of Meloidogyne incognita on growth and root infestation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) (Amaranthaceae) – an important dimension towards enhancing crop production, Future of Food. Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society, 3(2), 18-26.
Fourie, H., Mc Donald, A. H., & De Waele, D. (2010). Relationships between initial population densities of Meloidogyne incognita race 2 and nematode population development in terms of variable soybean resistance. Journal of Nematology, 42(1), 55–61. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6146
Ghanbari, F., Jamali, S., Olfati, J., & Mousanejad, S. (2024). Evaluation of eleven cucumber hybrid’s reaction to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in greenhouse conditions. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 46(4), 91-103. https://doi.org/10.22055/ppr.2024.46320.1736
Greco, N., & Di Vito, M. (2009). Population dynamics and damage levels. In Perry, R. N., Moens, M., and Starr J. L., (Eds.), Root-Knot Nematodes (pp. 246-274). Wallingford, UK: CABI.
Hanounik, S. B., Osborne, W. W., & Pirie, W. R. (1975). Relationships between the population density of Meloidogyne incognita and growth of tobacco. Journal of Nematology, 7(4), 352-356.
Hussey, R. S., & Barker, K. R. (1973). A comparison of methods of collecting inoculum of Meloidogyne spp. including a new technique. Journal of Plant Disease Reporter, 57, 1025-1028.
Jones, J. T., & Perry, R. N. (2011). Population dynamics. In Perry R.N. and Moens M. (Eds.), Plant Nematology (pp. 125–145). Wallingford, UK: CABI.
Kefelegn, H., Meressa, B. H., Wesemael, W., Bert, W., & Teklu, M. (2024). Damage thresholds and population dynamics of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, on selected chickpea cultivars from Ethiopia. Nematology, 27(1), 73-87. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10371
Mitiku, M., (2018). Plant-parasitic nematodes and their management: A review. Agricultural Research and Technology, 16(2), 555980. https://doi.org/10.19080.ARTOAJ.2018.16.55580
Moosavi, M. R. (2014). Dynamics of damage to eggplant by Meloidogyne javanica. Cibtech Journal of Zoology, 3 (3), 43-49.
Mosahaneh, L., Charehgani, H., Abdollahi, M., & Rezaei, R. (2020). Biological control agents in the management of different initial population densities of Meloidogyne javanica in tomato. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 55(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1556/038.55.2020.016
Padilla-Hurtado, B., Morillo-Coronado, Y., Tarapues, S., Burbano, S., Soto-Suárez, M., Urrea, R., & Ceballos-Aguirre, N. (2022). Evaluation of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) population density for disease resistance screening of tomato germplasm carrying the gene Mi-1. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 82(1), 157. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392022000100157
Ravichandra, N. G. (2014). Nematode population threshold levels. In Ravichandra, N. G. (Ed.), Horticultural nematology (pp. 101–114). Dordrecht: Springer.
Sasser, J. N., Careter, C. C., & Hartman, K. M. (1984). Standardization of host suitability studies and reporting of resistant to root-knot nematodes. Raleigh, USA: North Carolina state Graphics.
Seinhorst, J. W. (1970). Dynamics of populations of plant parasitic nematodes. Annual Review of Phytopathology. 8, 131-156. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.08.090170.001023
Seinhorst, J. W. (1965). The relationship between nematode density and damage to plants. Nematologica, 11, 137-154.
Seinhorst, J. W. (1966). The relationships between population increase and population density in plant-parasitic nematodes. Nematologica, 12(1), 157–171. https://doi.org/10.1163/187529266X00051
Sharma, I. P., & Sharma, A. K. (2015). Root–knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) suppression through precolonized arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) in tomato-PT3. Scientia Agriculturae. 12(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.15192/PSCP.SA.2015.12.1.5257
Shekoohi, S. S., Charehgani, H., Abdollahi, M., & Rajabi, H. R. (2021). Combined effect of β-aminobutyric acid and silver nanoparticles on infected eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) with Meloidogyne javanica. Nematology, 23, 1077-1092. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10096
Taylor, P., & Netscher, C. (1974). An improved technique for preparing perineal patterns of Meloidogyne spp. Nematologica, 20, 268-269.
Taylor, A. L., & Sasser, J. N. (1978). Biology, identification and control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species). USA: North Carolina State University and the U.S. Agency for International Development.
Verdejo-Lucas, S., & Talavera, M. (2019). Root-knot nematodes on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo): Pathogenicity and management. Crop Protection, 126, 104943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.104943
Viggiano, J. R., de Freitas, L. G., & Lopes E. A. (2014). Use of Pochonia chlamydosporia to control Meloidogyne javanica in cucumber. Biological Control, 69, 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.1