First report of aspergillus sydowii ASP17 as a promising biological control agent against soil-borne fungal and fungal-like plant pathogens: A laboratory study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic properties of the Aspergillus sydowii ASP17 isolate against soil-borne fungal and like-fungal pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora nicotianae, and Pythium aphanidermatum under in vitro experiments. The results showed that A. sydowii ASP17 inhibited 57.4% growth of R. solani, 45.4% of P. nicotianae, and 53.3% of P. aphanidermatum in a dual culture test. In the second experiment, A. sydowii ASP17 showed inhibition rates of 72.7% for R. solani, 45.9% for Ph. nicotianae, and 56% for P. aphanidermatum. The highest efficacy in the dual culture test was observed against R. solani, but in the volatile organic compounds test, the highest efficacy was against P. aphanidermatum. The ASP17 isolate acted by antibiosis by forming inhibition zones caused by the antifungal substances without contact with the pathogen. This study also investigated the production of volatile organic compounds, hydrogen cyanide, and the cell wall-degrading enzymes protease and lipase, which may be related to the biocontrol activity of the isolate. The production of hydrogen cyanide was also examined in the A. sydowii ASP17 isolate. These data could support the potential use of A. sydowii ASP17 as a biocontrol agent in agriculture, especially in environments where the use of chemical fungicides is undesirable. 

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

اولین گزارش از Aspergillus sydowii ASP17 به‌عنوان یک عامل مهارزیستی امیدبخش در برابر بیمارگرهای قارچی و شبه‌قارچی گیاهی خاکزاد: یک مطالعه آزمایشگاهی

Authors [Persian]

  • رضا قرین 1
  • مریم میرطالبی 1
  • اکبر کارگر 2
1 بخش گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
2 بخش گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

در این مطالعه اثر آنتاگونیستی جدایه Aspergillus sydowii ASP17 در شرایط آزمایشگاهی علیه بیمارگرهای قارچی و شبه ­قارچی خاکزاد Rhizoctonia solani، Phytophthora nicotianae  و Pythium aphanidermatum مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که جدایه ASP17 در آزمون کشت متقابل، دارای توانایی مهار رشد قارچ R. solani به میزان 57 درصد، Ph. nicotianae  به میزان 45/4 درصد و P. aphanidermatum به میزان 53/3 درصد می ‏باشد. بازدارندگی این جدایه در آزمایش دوم به ترتیب 72/7، 45/9 و 56 درصد علیه R. solani، Ph. nicotianae و P. aphanidermatum بود. بالاترین میزان بازدارندگی در آزمون کشت متقابل در برابر R. solani مشاهده شد. اما در آزمون مواد آلی فرار بالاترین نرخ مهار علیه P. aphanidermatum بود. جدایه ASP17 با ایجاد مناطق بازدارنده ناشی از مواد ضد­قارچی بدون تماس با بیمارگر، با سازوکار آنتی بیوز از فعالیت هر سه بیمارگر جلوگیری کرد. در این مطالعه همچنین تولید ترکیب ­های آلی فرار، سیانید هیدروژن و آنزیم­های تجزیه­ کننده دیواره سلولی پروتئاز و لیپاز بررسی شد که ممکن است به فعالیت مهار­زیستی این جدایه مرتبط باشد. داده ‏های حاصل از این مطالعه، می‏ تواند استفاده بالقوه از Aspergillus sydowii ASP17  به‌عنوان یک عامل مهارزیستی در کشاورزی، به ویژه در محیط‏ هایی که استفاده از قارچ‌کش ‏های شیمیایی نامطلوب است، را حمایت کند

Keywords [Persian]

  • آزمون کشت متقابل
  • آنزیم های تجزیه کننده دیواره سلولی
  • ترکیب های آلی فرار
  • سیانید هیدروژن

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 43, Issue 1
December 2024
Pages 18-25

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