Evaluation of “Zoshk”: A new mid-ripening sweet cherry cultivar with suitable fruit size and quality

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, I. R. Iran

2 Horticultural Science Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, I. R. Iran

3 Department of Agriculture, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Velayat University, Iranshahr, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Introducing new sweet cherry cultivars with different ripening times is one of the most important goals of cherry breeding programs in Iran. ‘Zoshk’ cultivar was selected from the native sweet cherry genotypes of Khorasan Razavi Province by implementing eight research projects for 21 years since 1998. The results of this study showed that this cultivar had semi-spreading tree habits and a moderate degree of branching. The time of the first flowering of the ‘Zoshk’ cultivar was in the second week of April. A pollination study demonstrated that this cultivar was self-incompatible. ‘Sefid-90’, ‘Surati-e-Lavasan’, and ‘Dovomras-e-Mashhad’ cultivars were suitable pollinizer cultivars for ‘Zoshk’. In addition, the harvesting time of this cultivar was in the third week of June. The average fruit weight of the ‘Zoshk’ cultivar (10.17 g) was higher than those of ‘Shandiz’ (7.23 g), ‘Toos’ (6.87 g), and ‘Siah-e-Mashhad’ (7.80 g). Further, the total soluble solid was higher in ‘Zoshk’ (19.66%) compared to ‘Shandiz’ (16.63%) and ‘Toos’ (17.13%) cultivars. Moreover, the yield of ‘Zoshk’ in the economic fruiting stage was 33.67 kg per tree, higher than those of ‘Shandiz’ (22.43 kg) and ‘Toos’ (12.67 kg) cultivars. Regarding the high yield, average fruit weight, percentage of soluble solids, and extended ripening time of the ‘Zoshk’ cultivar, the expansion of this cultivar is recommended in some sweet cherry orchards in Iran.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی "زشک": رقم گیلاس جدید میان رس با اندازه و کیفیت میوه مناسب

Authors [Persian]

  • ابراهیم گنجی مقدم 1
  • ناصر بوذری 2
  • محبوبه زمانی پور 3
1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
2 موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ج.ا. ایران
3 گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ج.ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

معرفی ارقام جدید گیلاس با زمان رسیدن متفاوت یکی از مهم ترین اهداف برنامه های پرورش گیلاس در ایران است. رقم "زشک" از بین ژنوتیپ های گیلاس بومی استان خراسان رضوی با اجرای 8 پروژه تحقیقاتی به مدت 21 سال از سال 1377 انتخاب شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که رقم "زشک" دارای عادت رشد نیمه گسترده و و درجه شاخه زایی متوسط است. زمان اولین گلدهی برای "زشک" در هفته دوم فروردین ماه بود. مطالعه گرده افشانی نشان داد که این رقم خود ناسازگار است. ارقام "سفید -90" ، "صورتی لواسان" و "دوم رس مشهد" ارقام گرده افشان مناسب برای "زشک" بودند. بعلاوه، زمان برداشت این رقم در هفته سوم خرداد بود. میانگین وزن میوه رقم "زشک" (10/17 گرم) بیشتر از میانگین وزن میوه ارقام "شاندیز" (23/7 گرم) ، "توس" (6/87 گرم) و "سیاه مشهد" (7/80 گرم) بود. هم چنین ، “درصد مواد جامد محلول کل” در رقم "زشک" (19/66 درصد) بیشتر از “درصد مواد جامد محلول کل” رقم "شاندیز" (16/63 درصد) و  رقم "توس" (17/13 درصد) بود. عملکرد "زشک" در مرحله باردهی اقتصادی 33/67 کیلوگرم در هر درخت بود که از مقادیر تعیین شده  برای هر درخت ارقام "شاندیز" (22/43 کیلوگرم) و "توس" (12/67 کیلوگرم) بیشتر بود. با توجه به عملکرد بالا، میانگین وزن میوه، درصد مواد جامد محلول و زمان رسیدن"زشک" ، گسترش کاشت این رقم در برخی از باغات گیلاس ایران توصیه می شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • خودناسازگاری
  • رقم جدید
  • زشک
  • گیلاس
  • ویژگی‌های میوه
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