Salinity-tolerance related indices for screening rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj I. R. Iran. and Present address: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan I. R. Iran

2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj I. R. Iran.

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as the main food for more than half of the world's population. Salinity is one of the most important factors which limits rice yield. Eleven rice cultivars were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications under salinity stress and normal conditions. The stress tolerance and sensitivity indices, including the mean productivity (MP), the geometric mean (GMP), the stress tolerance index (STI), the yield index, the yield stability index, the harmonic mean (HM), the stress susceptibility index, the tolerance index and yield loss rate, and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the variation and response of rice cultivars under salinity stress conditions, and to identify the tolerant cultivars. A significant variation was observed among the cultivars for grain yield and stress indices. Principal component analysis using grain yield and stress tolerance indices identified two components including “salinity tolerance component” and “salinity sensitivity index component” with eigenvalues greater than 1, which described a cumulative explanation of 99.39 percent of the variance among the cultivars. MP, GMP, and STI were found to be considered as the most suitable indices for selecting rice cultivars tolerant to salinity. The cluster analysis and the distribution of the cultivars in the biplot diagram obtained based on grain yield, and stress tolerance indices introduced Lenjan Askari, Yasouj, and Kamfirouz as tolerant, and Loudab Champa, Gharib, and Mamassani Domsiah as sensitive cultivars. These tolerant cultivars can be used in breeding programs to improve the salinity tolerance of rice.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

شاخص‌های مرتبط با تحمل شوری جهت غربال‌گری ارقام برنج(Oryza sativa L.)

Authors [Persian]

  • احمد مجیدی مهر 1
  • رضا امیری فهلیانی 2
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج ج.ا. ایران و آدرس فعلی گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان ج.ا. ایران
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج ج.ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

برنج (Oryza sativa L.) غذای اصلی بیش از نیمی از مردم جهان است. شوری یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده عملکرد برنج است. یازده رقم برنج در آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط تنش شوری و نرمال بررسی شدند. شاخص‌‌های تحمل و حساسیت به تنش شامل میانگین تولید (MP)، میانگین هندسی تولید (GMP)، شاخص تحمل به تنش (STI)، شاخص عملکرد (YI)، شاخص پایداری عملکرد، میانگین هارمونیک (HM)، شاخص حساسیت به تنش، شاخص تحمل و نرخ کاهش عملکرد، و تجزیه به مؤلفه­های اصلی جهت ارزیابی تنوع و واکنش ارقام برنج تحت تنش شوری و شناسایی ارقام متحمل استفاده شدند. تنوع معنی­داری بین ارقام از لحاظ عملکرد دانه و شاخص­های تنش دیده شد. تجزیه به مؤلفه­های اصلی بر اساس عملکرد دانه و نمره تحمل به تنش، دو مؤلفه اصلی شامل مؤلفه های " جزء تحمل شوری" و " جزء شاخص حساسیت به شوری" با مقادیر ویژه بزرگ‌تر از یک را شناسایی کرد که 99/39 درصد از کل تغییرات ژنوتیپ‌ها را توجیه کردند. MP، GMP و STI می‌توانند به عنوان بهترین شاخص‌ها برای گزینش ارقام برنج مقاوم به شوری در نظر گرفته شوند. نتایج تجزیه خوشه­ای و پراکنش ارقام مطالعه شده بر اساس نمودار بای پلات حاصل از عملکرد دانه و شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش، ارقام لنجان عسکری، یاسوج، و کامفیروز به عنوان ارقام متحمل و ارقام چمپای لوداب، غریب و دم‌سیاه ممسنی به عنوان ارقام حساس معرفی کرد. ارقام متحمل می‌توانند در برنامه‌های به­نژادی جهت اصلاح تحمل به شوری برنج مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تجزیه به مؤلفه های اصلی
  • شاخص های تحمل تنش
  • شوری
  • عملکرد دانه

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 40, Issue 2
March 2022
Pages 41-49

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