GIS analysis for vulnerability assessment of drought in Khuzestan province in Iran using standardized precipitation index (SPI)

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shieaz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

Abstract

The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a widely used drought index to provide good estimations of the intensity, magnitude and spatial extent of droughts. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial pattern of drought by SPI index. In this paper, patterns of drought hazard in Khuzestan are evaluated according to the data of 17 weather stations during data recording. The influenced zone of each station was specified by the Thiessen method. Then, it was attempted to make a new model of drought hazard using GIS. Three criteria for drought were studied and considered to define areas of vulnerability. Drought hazard criteria used in the present model included: maximum severity of drought in the period, trend of drought, and the maximum number of sequential arid years. Each of the vulnerability indicators was mapped. These maps along with a final hazard map were classified into 5 hazard classes of drought included none, slight, moderate, severe and very severe classes. The final drought vulnerability map was prepared by overlaying three criteria maps in GIS, and the final hazard classes were defined on the basis of hazard scores, which were determined according to the means of the main indicators. The final vulnerability map showed that severe hazard areas (29% of the province) which were observed in the northern and central parts of study area are much more widespread than areas under the slight hazard class. Nevertheless, approximately more than half (64%) of the province area was determined to be moderate hazard class for drought.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

تحلیل سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی به منظور ارزیابی آسیب پذیری خشکسالی دراستان خوزستان ایران با استفاده از شاخص بارش استاندارد

Authors [Persian]

  • مسعود مسعودی
  • مریم الهایی سحر
گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

شاخص خشکسالی بارش استاندارد بطور گسترده‌ای برای برآورد مناسب شدت، بزرگی و محدوده مکانی خشکسالی‌ها بکار گرفته می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه، تجزیه و تحلیل الگوی مکانی خشکسالی با استفاده از شاخص SPI بود. در این مقاله، الگوهای خطر خشکسالی در استان خوزستان با توجه به داده‌های 17 ایستگاه هواشناسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. محدوده تحت تاثیر هر ایستگاه با استفاده از روش تیسن مشخص شد. سپس نسبت به تهیه یک مدل جدید خطر خشکسالی با استفاده از GIS مبادرت شد. سه معیار خشکسالی برای تعریف مناطق آسیب پذیر، مطالعه و در نظر گرفته شد. معیارهای خطر خشکسالی که در مدل فعلی استفاده شد شامل حداکثر شدت خشکسالی در دوره، روند خشکسالی، و حداکثر تعداد پی‌در‌پی سال‌های خشک است. هر یک از شاخص‌های آسیب‌پذیری نقشه‌سازی شدند و  همچنین این نقشه‌ها به‌عنوان یک نقشه خطر نهایی به 5 کلاس خطر خشکسالی شامل بدون خطر، خطر خفیف، متوسط، شدید و بسیار شدید طبقه بندی شدند. نقشه نهایی آسیب‌پذیری خشکسالی با تلفیق سه نقشه معیار در GIS  تهیه شد و طبقات خطر نهایی بر اساس امتیاز خطر که با توجه شاخص‌های اصلی تعیین شد، مشخص شدند. نقشه آسیب‌پذیری نهایی نشان می‌دهد که مناطق با خطر شدید (29 درصد از استان) که در بخش‌های شمالی و مرکزی منطقه مورد مطالعه مشاهده می‌‌شود،  بسیار گسترده@تر از مناطق تحت کلاس خطر کم است. اگرچه تقریبا بیش از نیمی از استان (64٪) در کلاس خطر متوسط ​​خشکسالی تعیین شد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • خشکسالی
  • سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی
  • نقشه خطر
  • خوزستان
  • شاخص بارش استاندارد
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