Potato yield and tuber quality as affected by gibberellic acid and zinc sulfate

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Abstract
Obtaining high potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber yield through increased number and weight of quality tubers is important for farmers while the quality factors are of interest for food processing industries. Potato processing industries require high quality tubers having the highest possible dry matter, starch and protein contents. A two-year field study was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design during 2013 and 2014.  Gibberellic acid (GA3 at 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg·L-1 levels) and zinc sulfate (at 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg·L-1 levels) were foliar sprayed on potato plants 20 and 50 days after tuber sprouting, respectively. There was no significant difference in all measured criteria between two years of experiment. Comparing to control, a 38% increase in total tuber yield resulted from treatment with 200 mg·L-1 GA3 and 1000 mg·L-1 zinc sulfate. The greatest tuber dry matter content (24.33 g·100g-1 fw) obtained from 200 mg·L-1 GA3 plus 2000 mg·L-1 zinc sulfate treatment, while the highest starch contents (32.56 % tuber fresh weight) was obtained from sole application of zinc sulfate at 2000 mg·L-1.Application of GA3 at 400 mg·L-1 and zinc sulfate at 2000 mg·L-1resulted the highest tuber crude protein content of 8.37% tuber dry weight which was over twice as control treatment.  Manipulating plant nutrition and fertilization could be used as a powerful tool to obtain desired quality and quantity of potato tuber.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تأثیرجیبرلیک اسید و سولفات روی بر عملکرد و کیفیت ژوخه سیب‌زمینی

Authors [Persian]

  • جمال جوانمردی
  • فرزاد رسولی
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده-بدست آوردن عملکرد بالا در سیب زمینی (Solanum tuberosum L.) از طریق افزایش تعداد و وزن غده‌های با کیفیت، از موارد بسیار با اهمیت برای کشاورزان است در حالی‌که ویژگی‌های کیفی غده‌ها بیشتر برای صنایع غذایی و فرآوری مطرح هستند. صنایع فرآوری سیب‌زمینی نیازمند غده‌هایی با کیفیت بالا یعنی بالاترین درصد ماده خشک، نشاسته و پروتئین هستند. پژوهشی به‌صورت  آزمون فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی طی دو سال زراعی 1392 و 1393 صورت پذیرفت. جیبرلیک اسید (GA3) در غلظت‌های صفر، 100، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و سولفات روی در غلظت‌های صفر، 500، 1000 و 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به صورت محلول‌پاشی برگی به ترتیب 20 و 50 روز پس از جوانه‌زنی غده‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج، تفاوت معنی‌داری را از نظر اثر سال بر صفات مورد ارزیابی نشان نداد. در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد، افزایش 38 درصدی در عملکرد کل غده در تیمار با 200 میلی‌گرمGA3  و 1000 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی مشاهده شد. بیشترین محتوای ماده خشک غده‌ها به میزان 33/24 گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر از تیمار 200 میلی‌گرم GA3 و 2000 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی بدست آمد در حالی‌که بیشترین محتوای نشاسته به میزان 56/32 درصد وزن تر از کاربرد 2000 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی به تنهایی حاصل شد. کاربرد 400 میلی‌گرمGA3  و 2000 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی بیشترین پروتئین خام غده‌ها را به میزان 37/8 درصد وزن خشک غده ایجاد نمود که بیش از 2 برابر تیمار شاهد بود. به‌طور کلی ایجاد تغییرات در تغذیه و کوددهی می‌تواند به‌ عنوان ابزاری قدرتمند برای بدست آوردن مقادیر و کیفیت‌‌های مورد نظر در سیب‌زمینی محسوب شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • واژه های کلیدی: پروتئین خام غده
  • غده بذری
  • غده‌زایی
  • نشاسته

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Iran Agricultural Research
Volume 36, Issue 2
December 2017
Pages 7-12

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