تأثیر کود کمپوست شهری بر خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک، رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت کاهو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلورین، ایلورین، نیجریه

چکیده

بیشتر خاک های نزدیک به مراکز شهری اغلب به دلیل کشت فشرده تخریب می شوند و در نتیجه مقدار مواد آلی کم و مواد مغذی گیاه کم می شود. بقایای مواد گیاهی اغلب در بازارهای شهری در نیجریه رها می شوند و دفع آنها توسط شوراهای محلی گران است. بنابراین این مواد باعث ایجاد مزاحمت برای محیط زیست می شوند. با این حال، این مواد را می توان کمپوست کرد و به عنوان اصلاح کننده خاک استفاده کرد. یک آزمایش مزرعه ای در یک مزرعه آموزشی و تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ایلورین، ایلورین، نیجریه در طول فصل زراعی 1398 - 1397 برای ارزیابی اثرات زباله های شهری به عنوان کمپوست بر رشد، عملکرد و ترکیب تغذیه ای کاهو انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی چهار بار تکرار شد. میزان مصرف کمپوست شامل 0، 5، 10، 15، 20 میلی گرم در هکتار و NPK به میزان 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. داده ها بر روی پارامترهای رویشی شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ و شاخص سطح برگ و پارامترهای عملکرد شامل عملکرد در کرت خالص، عملکرد در هکتار و ترکیب ویتامین های A و C جمع آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود کمپوست باعث بهبود خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک از جمله ظرفیت نگهداری آب شد بطوریکه ظرفیت نگهداری آب در فصل های زراعی اول و دوم به ترتیب 27/77 درصد و 29/43 درصد بهبود یافت. استفاده از کمپوست 20 میلی گرم در هکتار به ترتیب در فصل زراعی اول و فصل زراعی دوم رشد و عملکرد بهتری (34/93 و 33/64 مگا در هکتار) داشت. در نتیجه، کشاورزان، به ویژه در مناطق شهری، می توانند محصول کاهو خود را با استفاده از کود کمپوست بکارند تا عملکرد بیشتری داشته باشند.

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