اثرات محلول‌پاشی برخی عناصر ریزمغذی بر میزان و ترکیب اسانس گل محمدی (.Rosa damascena Mill)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی ادویه‌ای و عطری، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ج. ا. ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی تأثیر کاربرد عناصر ریزمغذی (آهن، مس، روی و منگنز) بر میزان و ترکیب اسانس گل محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill.) در جنوب غرب ایران (شهرکرد) در سال های 1398 و 1399 انجام شد. چهار کود برگی شامل لیبرل آهن، لیبرل روی، لیبرل مس و لیبرل منگنز به‌عنوان کود معدنی استفاده شد. کود لیبرل آهن حاوی 13/2٪ آهن کلات، کود لیبرل روی یک کود برگی با 14٪ روی به شکل کلات، کود لیبرل مس دارای 14٪ مس به صورت کلات، و کود لیبرل منگنز از 13٪ منگنز کلات شده با EDTA تشکیل شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل به طیف‌سنج جرمی، نشان‌دهنده وجود 36 ترکیب در اسانس گیاهان گل محمدی بود. بیشترین (0/11-0/14 درصد) و کمترین (0/03-0/05 درصد) میزان اسانس به ترتیب از گیاهان تحت تیمار ترکیبی هر چهار عنصر ریزمغذی و گیاهان تحت تیمار شاهد بدست آمد. گیاهان تیمار شده با غلظت 40 میلی‌گرم در لیتر (40 ppm) از عناصر ریزمغذی (تیمار Fe3Cu3Zn3Mn3) و گیاهان شاهد به ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر در اکثر  اجزای اسانس بودند. مونوترپن‌های اکسیژنه شامل بتاسیترونلول (5/22-1/28 درصد)، ژرانیول (1/15- 1/23 درصد)، کامفور (0/86-2/3 درصد)، سیترونلول (0/4-1/9 درصد) و ترانس ژرانیول (0/5-2/1 درصد) و مونوترپن‌های حلقوی از جمله نونادکان (11/1-13/3 درصد)، پنتادکان (3/55- 8/9 درصد) و هنیکوزان (4/5- 8/7 درصد)؛ ترکیبات غالب اسانس گیاهان گل محمدی بودند. کاربرد بیش از 40 میلی‌گرم در لیتر از ریزمغذی‌ها، به احتمال بسیار زیاد به‌دلیل سمیت، منجر به کاهش میزان و اجزای اسانس گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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