توزیع فسفر و اثر ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و کانی‌های رسی بر آزادسازی فسفر در تعدادی از خاک‌های آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ج. ا. ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران،

3 گروه پژوهشی محیط زیست، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

فسفر به عنوان یک عنصر غذایی ضروری برای رشد گیاهان می باشد که دسترسی آن در خاک با گذشت زمان، آبشویی، ترسیب و تغییر زمین­نما تغییر می­کند. اطلاعات در مورد سینتیک آزاد سازی فسفر در خاک­های آهکی محدود است. بنابراین هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی توزیع فسفر و تاثیر ویژگی­های فیزیکوشیمیایی و کانی­های رسی بر آزادسازی فسفر در تعدادی از رده­های غالب خـاک­هـای آهکی اسـتان کهگیلویه و بویر­احمد، با عصاره­گیر کلرید کلسیم 01/0 مولار بود. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد، رها سازی فسفر از خاک در ابتدا سریع  و سپس به آهستگی ادامه یافت. بعد از گذشت 72 ساعت، مقدار فسفر آزاد شده در خاک­ها در محدوده 2/3 تا 4/25 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم بود. بر اساس برازش معادلات مختلف بر داده های واجذبی فسفر، معادلات الوویچ و تابع توانی توانستند به خوبی فرایند رهاسازی فسفر را در خاک­های مورد مطالعه پیش­بینی کنند. نتایج مطالعات همبستگی خصوصیات خاک و اجزای رهاسازی فسفر در خاک‌ها نشان داد که برخی ضرایب آزاد شدن فسفر (از جمله شیب و عرض از مبدا معادله الوویچ) ارتباط منفی معنی­داری با مقدار کانی اسمکتیت و ورمی­کولیت دارند. همچنین، ضریب آزاد سازی معادله پخشیدگی پارابولیک رابطه معنی دار منفی با pH ، میزان ایلیت و کانی پالیگورسکیت نشان داد.

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