اثرات کودهای زیستی بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و تغذیه‌ای کنگر فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ج. ا. ایران

2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

3 گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ج. ا. ایران

4 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ج. ا. ایران

چکیده

کشت کنگر فرنگی به عنوان گیاهی چند منظوره (سبزی، دارو و علوفه) با استفاده از کودهای زیستی و کاهش میزان مصرف کودهای شیمیایی در سیستم­های کشاورزی پایدار قرار می­گیرد. برای ارزیابی اثرات کود شیمیایی، کود زیستی و سیستم­های تلفیقی تغذیه گیاهی بر برخی صفات کنگر فرنگی، آزمایش مزرعه­ای با استفاده از طرح فاکتوریل بر پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در اصفهان در سال 1393 انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل کودهای شیمیایی در سطوح شاهد (بدون کود شیمیایی)، 100 و 50 درصد از مقدار توصیه شده و کودهای زیستی در سطوح شاهد (بدون کودهای زیستی)، نیتروکسین (ازتوباکتر، آزوسپیریلیوم و سودوموناس)، بارور 2 (سودومواس پوتیدا و پانتوا آگلومرانس) و بارور2+ نیتروکسین بودند. صفات مورفولوژیکی، ترکیب شیمیایی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و انرژی ویژه شیردهی در مرحله رشد رویشی (روزت) تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی پارامترهای موثر در افزایش کیفیت علوفه به صورت قابل توجهی بهبود یافتند. تلقیح همزمان با دو کود زیستی در مقایسه با کاربرد منفرد آنها تاثیر بیشتری در افزایش کیفیت علوفه داشت. با وجود این، نیتروکسین اثرات مثبت بیشتری نسبت به بارور 2 داشت. به طور کلی نتیجه گیری شد که تیمارهای تغذیه تلفیقی گیاه برای رشد و کیفیت علوفه کنگر فرنگی سودمندتر هستند.

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