اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی بر شکل‌های مختلف پتاسیم و برخی خصوصیات خاک در استان کهگیلویه و بویر احمد، جنوب غرب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان،

2 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

تغییر کاربری اراضی مرتع و جنگل به اراضی کشاورزی، می‌تواند بر بسیاری از ویژگی‌های خاک و حاصلخیزی آن اثر بگذارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی شکل‌های مختلف پتاسیم (محلول، تبادلی، غیرتبادلی و ساختمانی) و برخی خصوصیات خاک در کاربری‌های مختلف سه منطقه چرام، کاکان و بهمئی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد انجام گرفت. در هر منطقه 4 خاکرخ در کاربریهای مختلف حفر شد(جمعا 12 خاکرخ). تمام خاکرخ‌ها تشریح و بر اساس کلید سیستم جامع طبقه‌بندی خاک طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد تفاوت معنی داری بین میزان رس و سیلت در کاربری‌های مختلف وجود ندارد، در حالیکه کمترین مقدار رس در کاربری زراعی مشاهده شد. درصد کربن آلی در کاربری مرتع بیشترین مقدار(01/1درصد) و در کاربری‌های زراعی(7/0) و آیش- گندم(4/0) کمترین مقدار بود. بیشترین پ. هاش خاک در کاربری شالیزار به میزان 11/8 و کمترین مقدار نیز در کاربری باغ به میزان 8/6 بدست آمد. در مناطق مورد مطالعه میانگین مقدار پتاسیم محلول، تبادلی، غیر تبادلی، ساختمانی و کل به ترتیب از 5/0 تا 1/6 ، 45 تا 262، 86 تا 366، 35 تا 5197، 967 تا 5555 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک متغیر می‌باشد. خاک‌های مورد مطالعه در منطقه کاکان کمترین و منطقه چرام بیشترین مقدار شکل‌های غیر تبادلی، ساختمانی و کل پتاسیم را دارند و بیشترین مقدار پتاسیم محلول در منطقه بهمئی و پتاسیم تبادلی در منطقه کاکان بدست آمد. پتاسیم محلول و تبادلی در کاربری‌های مختلف دارای تغییرات معنی دار بود بطوریکه بیشترین مقدار آن به ترتیب در کاربری‌های گندم و جنگل مشاهده شد.

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