Effects of manure, municipal waste compost and nitrogen on weed communities in corn (Zea mays L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

Abstract

A two year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of municipal waste compost (C), composted cattle manure (M), and nitrogen (N) on growth and composition of weeds in a corn field in Shiraz using a split-split plot design with 3 replicates. Visual inspection of the plots showed that the manure treatments neither introduced new weed species nor increased weed density more than the other treatments. In both years of the experiment, redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), high mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) were dominant species, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that wild safflower (Carthamus spp.) was associated with control, redroot pigweed with 25 ton (t) compost ha-1, and 50 t compost ha-1, prostrate pigweed (Amaranthus blioides L.) with N, and ground cherry (Physalis alkekengi L.) with 50 t manure ha-1. Our results showed that contrary to the idea that application of manure might increase the risk of new weed species introduction and/or abundance of certain weed species, no introduction of new weed species or increase in certain weed species was obviously found.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

اثر کود دامی، کمپوست زباله شهری و نیتروژن برجوامع علف های هرز مزرعه ذرت (Zea mays L.)

Authors [Persian]

  • روح الله نادری خراجی 1
  • حسین غدیری 2
1 بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
2 بخش زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

آزمایش مزرعه ای دو ساله به منظور بررسی اثرات کمپوست زباله شهری، کود دامی ، و نیتروژن بر رشد و ترکیب علف های هرز مزرعه ذرت انجام شد. طرح آزمایشی اسپلیت اسپلیت پلات با 3 تکرار بود. بازرسی چشمی از پلاتها نشان دادکه تیمارهای کود دامی باعث شیوع گونه های علف هرز جدید نشد و همچنین تراکم علف‌های هرز را بیشتر از تیمارهای دیگر افزایش نداد. در هر دو سال آزمایش علف‌های هرز غالب به ترتیب عبارت بودند از تاج خروس ریشه قرمز (Amaranthu sretroflexus L.)، پیچک صحرایی (Convolvulus arvensis L.) و پنیرک (Malva sylvestris L.). تجزیه چند متغیره نیز نشان داد گلرنگ وحشی (Carthamus spp.) با تیمار بدون کود، تاج خروس ریشه قرمز با 25 و 50 تن کمپوست در هکتار، تاج خروس خوابیده (Amaranthus blioides L.) با نیتروژن و عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis alkekengi L.) با 50 تن کود دامی در هکتار رابطه داشت. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد بر خلاف این ایده که استفاده ازکود دامی ممکن است باعث افزایش خطرمعرفی گونه های جدیدعلف هرز و یا باعث افزایش فراوانی برخی ازگونه های خاص علف هرز شود، در پژوهش حاضر گونه علف هرز جدید و یا افزایش فراوانی گونه خاص علف هرز مشاهده نشد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • افزودنی های آلی
  • ترکیب علف های هرز
  • کود شیمیایی
  • مزرعه ذرت

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