Documenting production process and the ranking factors causing yield gap in rice fields in Sari, Iran

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran

3 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, I. R. Iran

Abstract

The documentation process is very important for identifying yield constraint factors and yield gap. For this purpose, all managing practices were recorded by monitoring of paddy rice fields in Sari region, Iran from 2015 to 2016. Field identifications were undertaken in such a way that they included all the main production procedures with variations in management viewpoints. The results revealed that seed consumption varied from 40 to 95 kg ha-1 and the range of seedling age varied from 20 to 50 days. Planting density was 10 to 66 plants per m2. Nitrogen application by 30% of the farmers ranged from 46 to 83 kg ha-1, and 40% of the farmers applied 83 to 138 kg of nitrogen per hectare. In 73% of the fields, nitrogen was not used after flowering stage. The range of yield varied from 3100 to 5430 kg ha-1, and in 60% of the studied fields, the paddy yield varied from 4205 to 5200 kg ha-1. In the comparative performance analysis (CPA) model, the actual yield and the yield potential were estimated to be 4495 and 6337 kg ha-1, respectively, and the yield gap was 1841 kg ha-1. Among the five variables entered in the model, the effects of potassium application and biological fight were remarkable, which the paddy yield increase by these variables was 709 and 806 kg ha-1, respectively, and equal to 39% and 44% of the total yield variation. Therefore, since the calculated potential yield was achieved through actual data in each paddy field, it seems this yield potential is attainable.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

مستندسازی فرآیند تولید و رتبه‌بندی عوامل ایجاد خلاء عملکرد برنج در ساری، ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • محبوبه یوسفیان 1
  • افشین سلطانی 2
  • سلمان دستان 3
  • حسین عجم نوروزی 1
1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، گرگان، ج. ا. ایران
2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ج. ا. ایران
3 پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، کرج، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

مستندسازی فرآیند تولید برای تعیین عوامل محدود کننده تولید و ایجاد خلاء عملکرد دارای اهمیت زیادی است. به این منظور، همه عملیات زراعی برنج در اراضی شالیزاری منطقه ساری طی سال‌های 1394 و 1395 ثبت شد. انتخاب مزرعه‌ها به شیوه‌ای انجام شد که تنوع کافی از تمامی عملیات زراعی و مدیریتی در منطقه را نشان دهد. نتایج نشان داد دامنه مصرف بذر از 40 الی 95 کیلوگرم در هکتار متغیر بود. دامنه سن نشا بین 20 الی 50 روز بود. تراکم کاشت نیز 10 الی 66 بوته در متر مربع متغیر بود. مصرف نیتروژن توسط 30 درصد از کشاورزان از 46 الی 83 کیلوگرم در هکتار، و 40 درصد از کشاورزان 83 الی 138 کیلوگرم در هکتار مصرف نیتروژن داشتند. در 73 درصد از مزرعه‌ها، مصرف نیتروژن بعد از مرحله گلدهی گزارش نشد. دامنه عملکرد شلتوک بین 3100 الی 5430 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود و 60 درصد از مزرعه‌های مورد مطالعه، عملکرد شلتوک بین 4205 الی 5200 کیلوگرم در هکتار متغیر بود. در روش تحلیل مقایسه کارکرد (CPA)، عملکرد واقعی و عملکرد پتانسیل برابر 4495 و 6337 کیلوگرم در هکتار برآورد شد و خلاء عملکرد برابر 1841 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. از پنج متغیر وارد شده در معادله تولید، اثر کاربرد پتاسیم و کنترل زیستی آفات قابل ملاحظه بود که به‌ترتیب افزایش عملکرد برابر 709 و 806 کیلوگرم در هکتار معادل 39 و 44 درصد را نشان دادند. بنابراین، با توجه به اینکه پتانسیل عملکرد محاسبه شده از طریق داده‌های واقعی هر مزرعه حاصل شد، می‌توان گفت که این پتانسیل عملکرد، قابل حصول است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • پتانسیل عملکرد
  • عملکرد دست‌یافتنی
  • عملکرد واقعی
  • عوامل مدیریتی
  • مدل CPA
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