Planting scenarios for maize cropping under drought conditions

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran

3 Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman I. R. Iran

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Water management is an essential concept for water intensive crop such as maize dealing with water shortage under drought conditions. Maize production is ranked after wheat and barely in Fars province, Iran. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of planting methods by conventional and modified planters on maize growth and yield at different irrigation regimes under semi-arid conditions. Irrigation treatments were full and deficit irrigation (100 and 80% of crop evapotranspiraton (ETc), respectively), and planting methods of on-bed and in-furrow bottom. Experiments were conducted and analysed in a split plots design (planting methods as a main plot and irrigation as a sub-plot) with three replications. Though planting methods did not significantly affect the yield; total dry matter yield increased by 3.7% for in-furrow bottom planting as compared with that obtained in on-bed planting. Water productivity (WP) was significantly affected by irrigation treatments. Maximum WP for total dry matter was obtained at 80% of ETc and in-bottom of furrow planting by 4.6 kg m-3. Considering the soil moisture content during the growing season, planting in-furrow bottom and deficit irrigation as 80% of ETc is recommendable for drought conditions.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

سناریوهای کشت ذرت در شرایط خشکسالی

Authors [Persian]

  • سید مهدی نصیری 1
  • علیرضا سپاسخواه 2
  • رامین جعفری 1
  • محمد مهدی مهارلویی 3
1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران.
2 گروه آبیاری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ج. ا. ایران.
3 گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ج. ا. ایران
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده
مدیریت آب یکی از اساسی ترین مفاهیم برای محصولات نیازمند به آب زیاد مثل ذرت در شرایط خشکسالی است. تولید ذرت در استان فارس در رتبه سوم پس از گندم و جو قرار دارد. بنابراین در این پژوهش اثرات روش های مختلف کشت با ردیفکارهای معمول و تغییر یافته بر رشد ذرت و عملکرد آن در رژیم های مختلف آبیاری در شرایط اقلیمی نیمه خشک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. تیمارها آبیاری کامل و کم آبیاری (به ترتیب 100 درصد و 80 درصد تبخیر-تعرق گیاه، ETc)، و روش های کشت روی پشته و داخل (کف) جوی بودند. آزمایش ها در قالب طرح کرت های خرد شده (روش های آبیاری در کرت های اصلی و مقدار آب آبیاری در کرت های فرعی) با سه تکرار انجام شد. گرچه روش های کشت بر عملکرد محصول تاثیر معنی داری نداشتند، مقدار ماده خشک کل برای روش کشت داخل جوی نسبت به کشت روی پشته به میزان 7/3 درصد افزایش نشان داد. بهروری آب تحت تاثیر معنی دار تیمارهای آبیاری قرار گرفت. بیشینه بهروری آب برای مقدار کل ماده خشک در مقدار آبیاری 80 درصد تبخیر-تعرق و در کشت داخل جوی به مقدار 64 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب بدست آمد. با در نظر گرفتن محتوای رطوبت خاک در دوره رشد گیاه، کشت در داخل جوی و روش کم آبیاری به میزان 80 درصد تبخیر–تعرق گیاه برای شرایط خشکسالی توصیه می شود.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • واژه های کلیدی: بهروری آب
  • ذرت
  • ردیفکار
  • روش کشت
  • کم آبیاری
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