The effects of host plants on the feeding indices and chemical activities of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Document Type : Full Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Guilan, I.R. Iran.

2 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Guilan, I.R. Iran.

Abstract

ABSTRACT- Elm leaf beetle (ELB), Xanthoga leruca luteola (Muller), is considered as one of the most important and destructive phytophagous pests of Ulmus species in the north of Iran. In the current study, the effects of three host plants including Ulmus carpinifolia, U. carpinifolia var. umbraculifera, and Zelkova carpinifolia, on feeding indices and biochemical processes of ELB were examined under controlled conditions (25 ± 2 °C; 14:10 LD; 65% RH). The results showed that the highest efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (23.11±1.36 %) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) belonged to U. carpinifolia (79.9±4.12 %) and the lowest to Z. carpinifolia (p≤0.05). Relative growth rate (RGR) and approximate digestibility (AD) in U. carpinifolia var umbraculifera and U. carpinifolia were similar to each other. The highest consumption index (CI) belonged to U. carpinifolia var. um braculifera and the lowest to Z. carpinifolia (1.93±0.029, 1.47±0.054), respectively (p≤0.05). Significant differences were found among enzymatic activities of acid (ACP) and alkaline phosphatases (ALP), aspartate aminotransferases (AST and ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the haemolymph of X. luteola larvae reared on three different host plants. The highest activities of LDH (33±0.58), AST (10074.7±25.25) and ALT (1053.75±5.6) were found in larvae fed on U. carpinifolia (p≤0.05). Also, the highest amount of protein and triglyceride (TAG: 126.5±0.866) was found in larvae fed on U. carpinifolia. The results show that all enzymatic activities significantly decreased on Z. carpinifolia compared with other host plants (p≤0.05). These results indicated that U. carpinifolia is the most appropriate host plant for larvae of X. luteolaas evidenced by the highest nutritional indices as well as activities of enzymatic component in intermediary metabolism.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

اثرات گیاهان میزبان روی شاخص‏های تغذیه و فعالیت‏های شیمیایی سوسک برگ خوار نارون

Authors [Persian]

  • هیدی یزدانفر 1
  • مهرداد قدس خواه دریایی 2
  • جلال جلالی سندی 1
1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ج. ا. ایران.
2 گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان ، ج. ا. ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده-سوسک برگ­خوار نارون (Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller)) ،به عنوان یکی ازمهمترین و مخرب­ترین آفات گیاه­خوارگونه‏های نارون (Ulmus spp.) درشمال ایران، معرفی شده است. در این تحقیقاث راتسه گونه‏ی میزبان ازخانواده­ی نارون شامل نارون چتری                   (Ulmus carpinifolia var. umbraculifera) ، اوجا (Ulmus carpinifolia) و آزاد (Zelkova carpinifolia)روی شاخص ­های تغذیه و فعالیت ‏های بیوشیمیایی ای آفت در شرایط  استاندارد آزمایشگاهی (دمای  2±25  درجه سانتیگراد، 14 ساعت روشنایی -  8 ساعت تاریکی و رطوبت نسبی 65 درصد) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین مقدار برای کارایی تغییر مواد غذایی خورده شده (ECI) و بالاترین کارایی تغییر مواد غذایی هضم شده (ECD)  مربوط به درخت اوجا و کمترین مقدار این دو شاخص مربوط به گونه آزاد می باشد. نرخ نسبی رشد (RGR) و هضم تقریبی (AD) روی اوجا و نارون چتری مشابه بود. بالاترین مقدار شاخص مصرف (CI) به نارون چتری و کمترین مقدار آن به آزاد تعلق داشت. اختلاف معنی داری میان فعالیت های آنزیمی اسید فسفاتاز (ACP)، آلکالین فسفاتاز (ALP)، اسپارتات آمینوترانسفرازها (AST و ALT) و لاکتات دی هیدروژناز (LDH) در همولنف لاروهای سوسک برگ‏خوار نارون که از سه میزبان مختلف تغذیه کرده بودند، مشاهده شد. بالاترین فعالیت آنزیمی  LDH،AST و ALT در لاروهایی مشاهده شد که از برگ های اوجا تغذیه کرده بودند. در ضمن، بالاترین مقدار پروتئین و تری گلیسیرید (TAG) نیز در لاروهایی اندازه گیری شد که از برگ های همین میزبان (اوجا) تغذیه کرده بودند. نتایج نشان داد تمامی فعالیت های آنزیمی به طور معنی داری روی میزبان آزاد کاهش می یابد. این نتایج نشان می دهند با توجه به بالاترین مقدار شاخص های تغذیه و فعالیت های آنزیمی، اوجا مناسب ترین میزبان برای سوسک برگخوار نارون است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • واژه‏های کلیدی:
  • سوسک برگ‏خوار نارون
  • شاخص‏های تغذیه
  • متابولیسم های حدواسط
  • میزبان
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